» Articles » PMID: 25367787

Essential Oil from Zanthoxylum Bungeanum Maxim. and Its Main Components Used As Transdermal Penetration Enhancers: a Comparative Study

Overview
Date 2014 Nov 5
PMID 25367787
Citations 14
Authors
Affiliations
Soon will be listed here.
Abstract

Our previous studies had confirmed that the essential oil from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. (Z. bungeanum oil) could effectively enhance the percutaneous permeation of drug molecules as a natural transdermal penetration enhancer. The aim of the present study is to investigate and compare the skin penetration enhancement effect of Z. bungeanum oil and its main components on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) active components. Toxicities of Z. bungeanum oil and three selected terpene compounds (terpinen-4-ol, 1,8-cineole, and limonene) in epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT) and dermal fibroblast (CCC-ESF-1) cell lines were measured using an MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Five model drugs in TCM external preparations, namely osthole (OT), tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), ferulic acid (FA), puerarin (PR), and geniposide (GP), which were selected based on their lipophilicity denoted by logKo/w, were tested using in vitro permeation studies in which vertical Franz diffusion cells and rat abdominal skin were employed. The secondary structure changes of skin stratum corneum (SC) and drug thermodynamic activities were investigated to understand their mechanisms of action using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and saturation solubility studies, respectively. It was found that Z. bungeanum oil showed lower toxicities in both HaCaT cells and CCC-ESF-1 cells compared with three terpene compounds used alone. The enhancement permeation capacities by all tested agents were in the following increasing order: terpinen-4-ol≈1,8-cineole<limonene<Z. bungeanum oil. The mechanisms of permeation enhancement suggested that these enhancers promoted the skin permeation of drugs mainly by affecting SC lipids. These results indicated that Z. bungeanum oil exhibited better performance in enhancing the skin permeation of active components in TCM preparations.

Citing Articles

Chemotaxonomic variation of volatile components in Zanthoxylum Bungeanum peel and effects of climate on volatile components.

Wu Y, Zhuo Z, Qian Q, Xu D BMC Plant Biol. 2024; 24(1):793.

PMID: 39169301 PMC: 11340169. DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05485-8.


Effect of Terpenes on the Enhancement of Skin Permeation of Lipophilic Drugs: A Systematic Review.

Longgos L, Pequiro E, Liston L, Flores K, Ecoy G, Sakdiset P Acta Med Philipp. 2024; 58(4):59-71.

PMID: 38966611 PMC: 11219522. DOI: 10.47895/amp.vi0.6505.


Chemotaxonomic variation in volatile component contents and their correlation between climate factors in Chinese prickly ash peels ( Maxim.).

Zheng T, Su K, Gao M, Zhang D, Chen X, Liu S Food Chem X. 2021; 12:100176.

PMID: 34927051 PMC: 8648793. DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2021.100176.


Volatile Oil Profile of Prickly Ash () Pericarps from Different Locations in China.

Ma Y, Tian J, Chen Y, Chen M, Liu Y, Wei A Foods. 2021; 10(10).

PMID: 34681436 PMC: 8535335. DOI: 10.3390/foods10102386.


Fatty Acid Profiling and Chemometric Analyses for Pericarps from Different Geographic Origin and Genotype.

Ma Y, Tian J, Wang X, Huang C, Tian M, Wei A Foods. 2020; 9(11).

PMID: 33207730 PMC: 7698129. DOI: 10.3390/foods9111676.


References
1.
Yamashita F, Hashida M . Mechanistic and empirical modeling of skin permeation of drugs. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2003; 55(9):1185-99. DOI: 10.1016/s0169-409x(03)00118-2. View

2.
Moore D, Rerek M . Insights into the molecular organization of lipids in the skin barrier from infrared spectroscopy studies of stratum corneum lipid models. Acta Derm Venereol Suppl (Stockh). 2000; 208:16-22. DOI: 10.1080/000155500750042817. View

3.
van Ravenzwaay B, Leibold E . A comparison between in vitro rat and human and in vivo rat skin absorption studies. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2004; 23(9):421-30. DOI: 10.1191/0960327104ht471oa. View

4.
Godwin D, Michniak B . Influence of drug lipophilicity on terpenes as transdermal penetration enhancers. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 1999; 25(8):905-15. DOI: 10.1081/ddc-100102251. View

5.
Lan Y, Wu Q, Mao Y, Wang Q, An J, Chen Y . Cytotoxicity and enhancement activity of essential oil from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. as a natural transdermal penetration enhancer. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2014; 15(2):153-64. PMC: 3924391. DOI: 10.1631/jzus.B1300230. View