Extracellular Matrix Components in the Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes

Overview

Journal Curr Diab Rep

Publisher Current Science

Specialty Endocrinology

Date 2014 Oct 27

PMID 25344787

Citations 50

Authors

Marika Bogdani

Eva Korpos

Charmaine J Simeonovic

Christopher R Parish

Lydia Sorokin

Thomas N Wight

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from progressive immune cell-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells. As immune cells migrate into the islets, they pass through the extracellular matrix (ECM). This ECM is composed of different macromolecules localized to different compartments within and surrounding islets; however, the involvement of this ECM in the development of human T1D is not well understood. Here, we summarize our recent findings from human and mouse studies illustrating how specific components of the islet ECM that constitute basement membranes and interstitial matrix of the islets, and surprisingly, the intracellular composition of islet β cells themselves, are significantly altered during the pathogenesis of T1D. Our focus is on the ECM molecules laminins, collagens, heparan sulfate/heparan sulfate proteoglycans, and hyaluronan, as well as on the enzymes that degrade these ECM components. We propose that islet and lymphoid tissue ECM composition and organization are critical to promoting immune cell activation, islet invasion, and destruction of islet β cells in T1D.

Citing Articles

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