Orexin/hypocretin Activates MTOR Complex 1 (mTORC1) Via an Erk/Akt-independent and Calcium-stimulated Lysosome V-ATPase Pathway

Overview

Journal J Biol Chem

Specialty Biochemistry

Date 2014 Oct 4

PMID 25278019

Citations 27

Authors

Zhiqiang Wang

Shimeng Liu

Miyo Kakizaki

Yuuki Hirose

Yukiko Ishikawa

Hiromasa Funato

Masashi Yanagisawa

Yonghao Yu

Qinghua Liu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The lack of the neuropeptide orexin, also known as hypocretin, results in narcolepsy, a chronic sleep disorder characterized by frequent sleep/cataplexy attacks and rapid eye movement sleep abnormalities. However, the downstream pathways of orexin signaling are not clearly understood. Here, we show that orexin activates the mTOR pathway, a central regulator of cell growth and metabolism, in the mouse brain and multiple recombinant cell lines that express the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), orexin 1 receptor (OX1R) or orexin 2 receptor (OX2R). This orexin/GPCR-stimulated mTOR activation is sensitive to rapamycin, an inhibitor of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) but is independent of two well known mTORC1 activators, Erk and Akt. Rather, our studies indicate that orexin activates mTORC1 via extracellular calcium influx and the lysosome pathway involving v-ATPase and Rag GTPases. Moreover, a cytoplasmic calcium transient is sufficient to mimic orexin/GPCR signaling to mTORC1 activation in a v-ATPase-dependent manner. Together, our studies suggest that the mTORC1 pathway functions downstream of orexin/GPCR signaling, which plays a crucial role in many physiological and metabolic processes.

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