Newer Methods of Cardiac Output Monitoring

Overview

Journal World J Cardiol

Publisher Baishideng Publishing Group

Specialty Cardiology & Vascular Diseases

Date 2014 Oct 3

PMID 25276302

Citations 38

Authors

Yatin Mehta

Dheeraj Arora

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Cardiac output (CO) is the volume of blood ejected by each ventricle per minute and is the product of stroke volume and heart rate. CO can thus be manipulated by alteration in heart rate or rhythm, preload, contractility and afterload. Moreover it gives important information about tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery. CO can be measured by various methods and thermodilution method using pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) is till date considered as gold standard method. Complications associated with PAC led to development of newer methods which are minimally or non-invasive. Newer methods fulfil other properties like continuous and reproducible reading, cost effective, reliable during various physiological states and have fast response time. These methods are validated against the gold standard with good level agreement. In this review we have discussed various newer methods of CO monitoring and their effectiveness in clinical use.

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