Article: Inhibition of COX-2 and PGE in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells by lonimacranthoide VI, a chlorogenic acid ester saponin

Lonimacranthoide VI, first isolated from the flower buds of in our previous study, is a rare chlorogenic acid ester acylated at C-23 of hederagenin. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory effects of lonimacranthoide VI were studied. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced an inflammatory response through the production of prostaglandin E (PGE), and these levels were reduced when lonimacranthoide VI was pre-administered. Additionally, the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effects of lonimacranthoide VI was investigated by measuring cyclooxygenase (COX) activity and mRNA expression. The results showed that lonimacranthoide VI inhibited mRNA expression and activity of in a dose-dependent manner, whereas only the higher lonimacranthoide VI concentration possibly reduced expression and activity. Taken together, these results indicate that lonimacranthoide VI is an important anti-inflammatory constituent of and that the anti-inflammatory effect is attributed to the inhibition of PGE production through COX activity and mRNA expression.

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Inhibition of COX-2 and PGE in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 Cells by Lonimacranthoide VI, a Chlorogenic Acid Ester Saponin