Genetic Analysis of the Gdh and Bg Genes of Animal-derived Giardia Duodenalis Isolates in Northeastern China and Evaluation of Zoonotic Transmission Potential

Overview

Journal PLoS One

Specialties General Medicine
Science

Date 2014 Apr 22

PMID 24748379

Citations 19

Authors

Aiqin Liu

Fengkun Yang

Yujuan Shen

Weizhe Zhang

Rongjun Wang

Wei Zhao

Longxian Zhang

Hong Ling

Jianping Cao

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Giardia duodenalis is a common intestinal parasite that infects humans and many other mammals, mainly distributing in some areas with poor sanitation. The proportion of the human giardiasis burden attributable to G. duodenalis of animal origin differs in different geographical areas. In Mainland China, genetic data of the gdh and bg genes of G. duodenalis from animals are only limited in dogs and cats. The aim of the study was to provide information on the genetic characterizations of animal-derived G. duodenalis isolates (from rabbits, sheep and cattle) at both loci in Heilongjiang Province, Northeastern China, and to assess the potential for zoonotic transmission.

Methodology/principal Findings: 61 G. duodenalis isolates from animal feces (dairy and beef cattle, sheep and rabbits) in Heilongjiang Province were characterized at the gdh and bg loci in the present study. The gdh and bg gene sequences of sheep-derived G. duodenalis assemblage AI, and the gdh sequences of rabbit-derived G. duodenalis assemblage B had 100% similarity with those from humans, respectively. Novel subtypes of G. duodenalis were identified, with one and seven subtypes for assemblages A and E at the gdh locus, and two and three subtypes for assemblages B and E at the bg locus, respectively. Three pairs of the same bg sequences of assemblage E were observed in sheep and cattle.

Conclusions/significance: This is the first description of genetic characterizations of the gdh and bg genes of G. duodenalis from rabbits, sheep and cattle in Mainland China. Homology analysis of assemblages AI and B implied the possibility of zoonotic transmission. The novel subtypes of assemblages of G. duodenalis may represent the endemic genetic characteristics of G. duodenalis in Heilongjiang Province, China.

Citing Articles

A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Giardia duodenalis in Rabbits: Epidemiology, Genetic Diversity and Possible Zoonotic Concerns.

Asghari A, Mohammadi M, Naseri L, Shamsi L, Badri M, Pouryousef A Vet Med Sci. 2024; 11(1):e70176.

PMID: 39692048 PMC: 11653087. DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70176.

Prevalence and molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis in dairy cattle in Central Inner Mongolia, Northern China.

Zhao L, Zhang Z, Han W, Yang B, Chai H, Wang M Sci Rep. 2023; 13(1):13960.

PMID: 37634027 PMC: 10460406. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40987-9.

Microbial Risks Caused by Livestock Excrement: Current Research Status and Prospects.

Abdugheni R, Li L, Yang Z, Huang Y, Fang B, Shurigin V Microorganisms. 2023; 11(8).

PMID: 37630456 PMC: 10456746. DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081897.

Multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in pre-weaned calves with diarrhea in the Republic of Korea.

Park Y, Cho H, Jang D, Park J, Choi K PLoS One. 2023; 18(1):e0279533.

PMID: 36638106 PMC: 9838842. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279533.

Zoonotic giardiasis: an update.

Cai W, Ryan U, Xiao L, Feng Y Parasitol Res. 2021; 120(12):4199-4218.

PMID: 34623485 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07325-2.

References

Di Giovanni G, Betancourt W, Hernandez J, Assadian N, Flores Margez J, Lopez E . Investigation of potential zooanthroponotic transmission of cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis through agricultural use of reclaimed wastewater. Int J Environ Health Res. 2006; 16(6):405-18. DOI: 10.1080/09603120601095100. View

Robertson L, Gjerde B, Furuseth Hansen E . The zoonotic potential of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in Norwegian sheep: a longitudinal investigation of 6 flocks of lambs. Vet Parasitol. 2010; 171(1-2):140-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.03.014. View

Monis P, Caccio S, Thompson R . Variation in Giardia: towards a taxonomic revision of the genus. Trends Parasitol. 2009; 25(2):93-100. DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2008.11.006. View

Gomez-Munoz M, Navarro C, Garijo-Toledo M, Dea-Ayuela M, Fernandez-Barredo S, Perez-Gracia M . Occurrence and genotypes of Giardia isolated from lambs in Spain. Parasitol Int. 2009; 58(3):297-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2009.06.005. View

Zhang W, Shen Y, Wang R, Liu A, Ling H, Li Y . Cryptosporidium cuniculus and Giardia duodenalis in rabbits: genetic diversity and possible zoonotic transmission. PLoS One. 2012; 7(2):e31262. PMC: 3281947. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031262. View

Robertson L, Hanevik K, Escobedo A, Morch K, Langeland N . Giardiasis--why do the symptoms sometimes never stop?. Trends Parasitol. 2010; 26(2):75-82. DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2009.11.010. View

Wielinga C, Thompson R . Comparative evaluation of Giardia duodenalis sequence data. Parasitology. 2007; 134(Pt 12):1795-821. DOI: 10.1017/S0031182007003071. View

Lasek-Nesselquist E, Welch D, Sogin M . The identification of a new Giardia duodenalis assemblage in marine vertebrates and a preliminary analysis of G. duodenalis population biology in marine systems. Int J Parasitol. 2010; 40(9):1063-74. PMC: 2900473. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2010.02.015. View

Feng Y, Xiao L . Zoonotic potential and molecular epidemiology of Giardia species and giardiasis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2011; 24(1):110-40. PMC: 3021202. DOI: 10.1128/CMR.00033-10. View

10.

Porter J, Gaffney C, Heymann D, Parkin W . Food-borne outbreak of Giardia lamblia. Am J Public Health. 1990; 80(10):1259-60. PMC: 1404799. DOI: 10.2105/ajph.80.10.1259. View

11.

Liu A, Zhang X, Zhang L, Wang R, Li X, Shu J . Occurrence of bovine giardiasis and endemic genetic characterization of Giardia duodenalis isolates in Heilongjiang Province, in the Northeast of China. Parasitol Res. 2012; 111(2):655-61. DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-2883-0. View

12.

Zhang W, Zhang X, Wang R, Liu A, Shen Y, Ling H . Genetic characterizations of Giardia duodenalis in sheep and goats in Heilongjiang Province, China and possibility of zoonotic transmission. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2012; 6(9):e1826. PMC: 3447956. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001826. View

13.

Li J, Zhang P, Wang P, Alsarakibi M, Zhu H, Liu Y . Genotype identification and prevalence of Giardia duodenalis in pet dogs of Guangzhou, Southern China. Vet Parasitol. 2012; 188(3-4):368-71. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.04.004. View

14.

Warburton A, Jones P, BRUCE J . Zoonotic transmission of giardiasis: a case control study. Commun Dis Rep CDR Rev. 1994; 4(3):R32-6. View

15.

Trout J, Santin M, Greiner E, Fayer R . Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis genotypes in pre-weaned dairy calves. Vet Parasitol. 2004; 124(3-4):179-86. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.07.010. View

16.

Teodorovic S, Braverman J, Elmendorf H . Unusually low levels of genetic variation among Giardia lamblia isolates. Eukaryot Cell. 2007; 6(8):1421-30. PMC: 1951139. DOI: 10.1128/EC.00138-07. View

17.

Lebbad M, Petersson I, Karlsson L, Botero-Kleiven S, Andersson J, Svenungsson B . Multilocus genotyping of human Giardia isolates suggests limited zoonotic transmission and association between assemblage B and flatulence in children. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011; 5(8):e1262. PMC: 3149019. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001262. View

18.

Gomez-Munoz M, Camara-Badenes C, Martinez-Herrero M, Dea-Ayuela M, Perez-Gracia M, Fernandez-Barredo S . Multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in lambs from Spain reveals a high heterogeneity. Res Vet Sci. 2012; 93(2):836-42. DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.12.012. View

19.

Robertson L, Forberg T, Hermansen L, Gjerde B, Langeland N . Molecular characterisation of Giardia isolates from clinical infections following a waterborne outbreak. J Infect. 2007; 55(1):79-88. DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2007.02.001. View

20.

Lalle M, Pozio E, Capelli G, Bruschi F, Crotti D, Caccio S . Genetic heterogeneity at the beta-giardin locus among human and animal isolates of Giardiaduodenalis and identification of potentially zoonotic subgenotypes. Int J Parasitol. 2005; 35(2):207-13. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2004.10.022. View