What Are Exosomes and How Can They Be Used in Multiple Sclerosis Therapy?

Overview

Journal Expert Rev Neurother

Specialties Neurology
Pharmacology

Date 2014 Feb 21

PMID 24552578

Citations 31

Authors

Aya D Pusic

Kae M Pusic

Richard P Kraig

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Current treatment options for multiple sclerosis are limited and consist of immunosuppressors or agents to prevent immune infiltration of the brain. These therapies have potentially harmful side effects and do little to promote myelin repair. Instead, we suggest using exosomes, naturally occurring small vesicles that exert influence through the delivery of mRNA, microRNA and protein. Dendritic cells can be cultured from bone marrow and stimulated to release exosomes. When administered to the brain, these exosomes significantly increase myelination and improve remyelination following injury by prompting preoligodendrocytes to differentiate into myelin producing cells. Additionally, they are non-toxic and can easily cross the blood-brain barrier and, thus, have great potential as a therapeutic.

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