Association Between Prehospital Vitamin D Status and Hospital-acquired Clostridium Difficile Infections

Overview

Journal JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr

Publisher Wiley

Specialty Nutritional Sciences

Date 2014 Feb 5

PMID 24492311

Citations 17

Authors

Sadeq A Quraishi

Augusto A Litonjua

Takuhiro Moromizato

Fiona K Gibbons

Carlos A Camargo Jr

Edward Giovannucci

Kenneth B Christopher

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate whether preadmission 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels are associated with the risk of hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile infection (HACDI).

Materials And Methods: Our retrospective cohort study focused on 568 adult patients from 2 Boston teaching hospitals between August 1993 and November 2006. All patients had 25(OH)D levels measured before hospitalization and were at risk for HACDI (defined as the presence of C difficile toxin A or B in stool samples obtained >48 hours after hospitalization). We performed multivariable regression analyses to test the association of prehospital 25(OH)D levels with HACDI while adjusting for clinically relevant covariates.

Results: In these 568 patients, mean (SD) 25(OH)D level was 19 (12) ng/mL, and 11% of patients met criteria for incident HACDI. Following adjustment for age, sex, race (nonwhite vs white), patient type (medical vs surgical), and Deyo-Charlson index, patients with 25(OH)D levels <10 ng/mL had higher odds of HACDI (odds ratio [OR], 2.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-8.34) compared with patients with 25(OH)D levels ≥30 ng/mL. When patients with HACDI were analyzed relative to a larger patient cohort without HACDI (n = 5047), those with 25(OH)D levels <10 ng/mL (OR, 4.96; 95% CI, 1.84-13.38) and 10-19.9 ng/mL (OR, 3.36; 95% CI, 1.28-8.85) had higher adjusted odds of HACDI compared with patients with 25(OH)D levels ≥30 ng/mL.

Conclusions: In our cohort of adult patients, vitamin D status before hospital admission was inversely associated with the risk of developing HACDI. These data support the need for randomized, controlled trials to test the role of vitamin D supplementation to prevent HACDI.

Citing Articles

Investigating the Correlation Between Clostridioides difficile Infection and Vitamin D Deficiency.

Khrais A, Mathew A, Kahlam A, Le A, Mittal A, Verma S Cureus. 2023; 15(6):e39970.

PMID: 37416010 PMC: 10320737. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39970.

Positive Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation in Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

De Niet S, Tremege M, Coffiner M, Rousseau A, Calmes D, Frix A Nutrients. 2022; 14(15).

PMID: 35893907 PMC: 9330587. DOI: 10.3390/nu14153048.

Host and Clostridioides difficile-Response Modulated by Micronutrients and Glutamine: An Overview.

Loureiro A, Barbosa M, Morais M, Souza I, Terceiro L, Martins C Front Nutr. 2022; 9:849301.

PMID: 35795588 PMC: 9251358. DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.849301.

The Immunologic Profile of Vitamin D and Its Role in Different Immune-Mediated Diseases: An Expert Opinion.

Giannini S, Giusti A, Minisola S, Napoli N, Passeri G, Rossini M Nutrients. 2022; 14(3).

PMID: 35276834 PMC: 8838062. DOI: 10.3390/nu14030473.

The impact of maternal and early life malnutrition on health: a diet-microbe perspective.

Forgie A, Drall K, Bourque S, Field C, Kozyrskyj A, Willing B BMC Med. 2020; 18(1):135.

PMID: 32393275 PMC: 7216331. DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01584-z.

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