Effect of Brazilian Propolis on Exacerbation of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Mice Exposed to Tetrabromobisphenol A, a Brominated Flame Retardant

Overview

Journal Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

Specialty Rehabilitation Medicine

Date 2013 Nov 20

PMID 24250719

Citations 12

Authors

Tomomi Takeshita

Wataru Watanabe

Satomi Toyama

Yuya Hayashi

Shiori Honda

Shuichi Sakamoto

Sayuri Matsuoka

Hiroki Yoshida

Shiro Takeda

Muneaki Hidaka

Shigetoshi Tsutsumi

Ken Yasukawa

Yong Kun Park

Masahiko Kurokawa

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), a brominated flame retardant, has been found to exacerbate pneumonia in respiratory syncytial virus- (RSV-) infected mice. We examined the effect of Brazilian propolis (AF-08) on the exacerbation of RSV infection by TBBPA exposure in mice. Mice were fed a powdered diet mixed with 1% TBBPA alone, 0.02% AF-08 alone, or 1% TBBPA and 0.02% AF-08 for four weeks and then intranasally infected with RSV. TBBPA exposure increased the pulmonary virus titer and level of IFN- γ , a representative marker of pneumonia due to RSV infection, in the lungs of infected mice without toxicity. AF-08 was significantly effective in reducing the virus titers and IFN- γ level increased by TBBPA exposure. Also, AF-08 significantly reduced proinflammatory cytokine (TNF- α and IL-6) levels in the lungs of RSV-infected mice with TBBPA exposure, but Th2 cytokine (IL-4 and IL-10) levels were not evidently increased. Neither TBBPA exposure nor AF-08 treatment affected the anti-RSV antibody production in RSV-infected mice. In flow cytometry analysis, AF-08 seemed to be effective in reducing the ratio of pulmonary CD8a(+) cells in RSV-infected mice with TBBPA exposure. TBBPA and AF-08 did not exhibit anti-RSV activity in vitro. Thus, AF-08 probably ameliorated pneumonia exacerbated by TBBPA exposure in RSV-infected mice by limiting excess cellular immune responses.

Citing Articles

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