A Twin-cysteine Motif in the V2 Region of Gp120 is Associated with SIV Envelope Trimer Stabilization

Overview

Journal PLoS One

Specialties General Medicine
Science

Date 2013 Aug 13

PMID 23936006

Citations 14

Authors

Christopher Bohl

Dane Bowder

Jesse Thompson

Levon Abrahamyan

Sandra Gonzalez-Ramirez

Youdong Mao

Joseph Sodroski

Charles Wood

Shi-Hua Xiang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The V1 and V2 variable regions of the primate immunodeficiency viruses contribute to the trimer association domain of the gp120 exterior envelope glycoprotein. A pair of V2 cysteine residues at 183 and 191 ("twin cysteines") is present in several simian immunodeficiency viruses, human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) and some SIV(cpz) lineages, but not in HIV-1. To examine the role of this potentially disulfide-bonded twin-cysteine motif, the cysteine residues in the SIVmac239 envelope glycoproteins were individually and pairwise substituted by alanine residues. All of the twin-cysteine mutants exhibited decreases in gp120 association with the Env trimer, membrane-fusing activity, and ability to support virus entry. Thus, the twin-cysteine motif plays a role in Env trimer stabilization in SIV and may do so in HIV-2 and some SIV(cpz) as well. This implies that HIV-1 lost the twin-cysteines, and may have relatively unstable Env trimers compared to SIV and HIV-2.

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