Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma -- a Review
Overview
Pathology
Affiliations
Hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HC) is a rare tumor that causes devastating disease. In the late stages, this carcinoma primarily invades the portal vein and metastasizes to the hepatic lobes; it is associated with a poor prognosis. HC is diagnosed by its clinical manifestation and results of imaging techniques such as ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, endoscopic retrograde cholangiography, and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography. Preoperative hepatic bile drainage can improve symptoms associated with insufficient liver and kidney function, coagulopathy, and jaundice. Surgical margin-negative (R0) resection, including major liver resection, is the most effective and potentially curative treatment for HC. If the tumor is not resected, then liver transplantation with adjuvant management can improve survival. We conducted a systematic review of developments in imaging studies and major surgical hepatectomy for HC with positive outcomes regarding quality of life.
Molecular Biomarkers in Cholangiocarcinoma: Focus on Bile.
Dolbnya A, Popov I, Pekov S Curr Top Med Chem. 2024; 24(8):722-736.
PMID: 38303538 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266290367240130054142.
Klatskin tumor presenting as unresectable perihilar hepatic mass: A case report.
Yehouenou Tessi T, Onka B, Drissi M, Jerguigue H, Latib R, Omor Y Radiol Case Rep. 2021; 16(9):2537-2541.
PMID: 34276849 PMC: 8264533. DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2021.06.027.
Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Current status of endoscopic approach and additional therapies.
Tantau A, Mandrutiu A, Pop A, Zaharie R, Crisan D, Preda C World J Hepatol. 2021; 13(2):166-186.
PMID: 33708349 PMC: 7934015. DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v13.i2.166.
Recurrent Cholangiocarcinoma Presenting as Sister Mary Joseph Nodule After Liver Transplantation.
Muppidi V, Meegada S, Eason J, Nair S, Verma R Cureus. 2020; 12(11):e11673.
PMID: 33262920 PMC: 7689875. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.11673.
Practical review for diagnosis and clinical management of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma.
Dondossola D, Ghidini M, Grossi F, Rossi G, Foschi D World J Gastroenterol. 2020; 26(25):3542-3561.
PMID: 32742125 PMC: 7366054. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i25.3542.