Immunohaematological Reference Values for HIV-negative Healthy Adults in Botswana

Overview

Journal Afr J Lab Med

Date 2013 Jun 18

PMID 23772402

Citations 16

Authors

Madisa Mine

Sikhulile Moyo

Penny Stevens

Kurt Michael

Vladimir Novitsky

Kgomotso Makhaola

Aida Asmelash

Skhatele Molefhabangwe

Elias Woldegabriel

Gaseboloke Mothowaeng

Talkmore Maruta

Charity Kamhukamwe

Phibeon M Mangwendeza

Molly Holmes-Pretorius

Isaac Mtoni

Modisa Motswaledi

Rosemary Musonda

Ndwapi Ndwapi

Joseph Makhema

Richard Marlink

Khumo Seipone

Tendani Gaolathe

Max Essex

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Clinical laboratories in Botswana have relied entirely on the reference intervals for normal immunohaematological values provided by manufacturers' kits and textbooks.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the means, medians, 2.5th and 97.5th percentile reference intervals, for normal immunohaematological values in healthy adults in Botswana.

Method: A total of 261 healthy participants comprising 126 men (48%) and 135 (52%) women were enrolled in the southern part of Botswana, and immunological and haematological laboratory parameters were measured.

Results: The mean age was 28.8 (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 27.7-29.8) years, with a median of 27 years and a range 18-66 years. The mean haemoglobin level was significantly lower for women (12.4 g/dL; 95% CI 12.1% - 12.7%) than men (15.1 g/dL; 95% CI 14.9% - 15.3%). The women's haemoglobin reference values (9.0 g/dL - 15.0 g/dL) levels were lower than observed in predominantly White populations (12.0 g/dL - 16.0 g/dL), but comparable with regional consensus reference intervals (9.5 g/dL - 15.8 g/dL) recently defined for East and Southern Africa.

Conclusion: The established values provide an important tool for patient management and could influence decisions on inclusion of participants and adverse events in clinical trials conducted locally.

Citing Articles

Region-specific laboratory reference intervals are important: A systematic review of the data from Africa.

Price M, Fast P, Mshai M, Lambrick M, Wangui Machira Y, Gieber L PLOS Glob Public Health. 2023; 2(11):e0000783.

PMID: 36962599 PMC: 10021479. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000783.

Reference Intervals for Absolute and Percentage CD4 T Lymphocytes among an Apparently Healthy Population in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Chalchisa D, Belay Y, Befekadu E, Kassaw M, GEgzeabher L, Gebremicael G Int J Gen Med. 2022; 15:5361-5367.

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Clinical laboratory hematology reference values among infants aged 1month to 17 months in Kombewa Sub-County, Kisumu: A cross sectional study of rural population in Western Kenya.

Ouma J, Mulama D, Otieno L, Owuoth J, Ogutu B, Oyieko J PLoS One. 2021; 16(3):e0244786.

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Reference intervals for selected haematological and biochemical parameters among apparently healthy adults in different eco-geographical zones in Ghana.

Abbam G, Tandoh S, Tetteh M, Afrifah D, Annani-Akollor M, Owiredu E PLoS One. 2021; 16(1):e0245585.

PMID: 33471853 PMC: 7817015. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245585.

Haematological reference intervals for healthy adults in Bamenda, Cameroon.

Fondoh V, Fondoh R, Awasom C, Edith P, Ntungwen W, Roland B Afr J Lab Med. 2021; 9(1):1193.

PMID: 33392055 PMC: 7756783. DOI: 10.4102/ajlm.v9i1.1193.

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