Derivation of Extraembryonic Endoderm Stem (XEN) Cells from Mouse Embryos and Embryonic Stem Cells

Overview

Journal Nat Protoc

Specialties Biology
Pathology
Science

Date 2013 May 4

PMID 23640167

Citations 63

Authors

Kathy K Niakan

Nadine Schrode

Lily T Y Cho

Anna-Katerina Hadjantonakis

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

At the time of implantation in the maternal uterus, the mouse blastocyst possesses an inner cell mass comprising two lineages: epiblast (Epi) and primitive endoderm (PrE). Representative stem cells derived from these two cell lineages can be expanded and maintained indefinitely in vitro as either embryonic stem (ES) or XEN cells, respectively. Here we describe protocols that can be used to establish XEN cell lines. These include the establishment of XEN cells from blastocyst-stage embryos in either standard embryonic or trophoblast stem (TS) cell culture conditions. We also describe protocols for establishing XEN cells directly from ES cells by either retinoic acid and activin-based conversion or by overexpression of the GATA transcription factor Gata6. XEN cells are a useful model of PrE cells, with which they share gene expression, differentiation potential and lineage restriction. The robust protocols for deriving XEN cells described here can be completed within 2-3 weeks.

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