Ecotoxicity and Genotoxicity Assessment of Exhaust Particulates from Diesel-powered Buses

Overview

Journal Environ Monit Assess

Publisher Springer

Specialty Environmental Health

Date 2013 Apr 24

PMID 23609923

Citations 3

Authors

Nora Kovats

Andras Acs

Arpad Ferincz

Aniko Kovacs

Eszter Horvath

Balazs Kakasi

Beatrix Jancsek-Turoczi

Andras Gelencser

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Diesel exhaust is one of the major sources of fine and ultra-fine particulate matter in urban air. Toxicity of diesel-powered engine emissions has been quite widely assessed; however, much less information is available on their ecotoxicity. In our study, the kinetic version of the Vibrio fischeri bioluminescence inhibition bioassay based on the ISO 21338:2010 standard was used to characterise the ecotoxicity of diesel-powered buses. It is a direct contact test in which solid samples are tested in suspension and test organisms are in direct contact with toxic particles. The age of the selected buses fell into a wide range; the oldest one was produced in 1987. Diesel engines of different emission standards (Euro0-Euro4) were included. Measured EC50 values of Euro0-Euro1 engine emissions fell into the same range, 1.24-0.96 μg ml(-1), respectively. On the contrary, emission of Euro4 vehicle proved to be non-toxic. Genotoxic potential of the samples was also estimated, using the colorimetric SOS-chromotest™. Genotoxicity was detected also for Euro0 and Euro1 buses, showing correlation with the ecotoxic potential. The fact that the particulates from Euro4 vehicles did not show ecotoxic/genotoxic effect implies that replacing old Euro1 and Euro2 buses can be a highly effective solution for reducing environmental hazard of automotive emissions. The whole-aerosol testing method is a cheap alternative that can be used in engine developments and emission control.

Citing Articles

Environmental Risk Assessment of Vehicle Exhaust Particles on Aquatic Organisms of Different Trophic Levels.

Pikula K, Tretyakova M, Zakharenko A, Johari S, Ugay S, Chernyshev V Toxics. 2021; 9(10).

PMID: 34678957 PMC: 8539507. DOI: 10.3390/toxics9100261.

Ecotoxicity testing of airborne particulate matter-comparison of sample preparation techniques for the Vibrio fischeri assay.

Kovats N, Hubai K, Sainnokhoi T, Hoffer A, Teke G Environ Geochem Health. 2021; 43(11):4367-4378.

PMID: 33864174 PMC: 8528798. DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-00927-w.

Ecotoxicity assessment of particulate matter emitted from heavy-duty diesel-powered vehicles: influence of leaching conditions.

Correa A, Testolin R, Torres M, Cotelle S, Schwartz J, Millet M Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017; 24(10):9399-9406.

PMID: 28233212 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8521-8.

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