Enterovirus RNA in Peripheral Blood May Be Associated with the Variants of Rs1990760, a Common Type 1 Diabetes Associated Polymorphism in IFIH1

Overview

Journal PLoS One

Specialties General Medicine
Science

Date 2012 Nov 13

PMID 23144876

Citations 18

Authors

Ondrej Cinek

German Tapia

Elisabet Witso

Lenka Kramna

Katerina Holkova

Trond Rasmussen

Lars C Stene

Kjersti S Ronningen

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: Polymorphisms in the IFIH1 (common rs1990760 and four rare rs35667974, rs35337543, rs35744605, rs35732034) have been convincingly associated with type 1 diabetes. The encoded protein (interferon-induced helicase C domain-containing protein 1) senses double-stranded RNA during replication of Picornavirales, including Enterovirus, a genus suspected in the etiology of type 1 diabetes. We therefore investigated whether the polymorphisms are associated with differences in the frequency of enterovirus RNA in blood.

Research Design And Methods: The study included 1001 blood samples, each from a child participating in the Norwegian 'Environmental Triggers of Type 1 Diabetes: the MIDIA study'. The enterovirus RNA was tested using qualitative semi-nested real-time reverse transcriptase PCR on RNA extracted from frozen cell packs after removal of plasma. Stool samples previously analyzed for enterovirus RNA were available in 417 children.

Results: The genotypes of IFIH1 rs1990760 were associated with different frequencies of enterovirus RNA in blood (7.0%, 14.4% and 9.5% bloods were enterovirus positive among children carrying the Ala/Ala, Ala/Thr and Thr/Thr genotypes, respectively, p = 0.012). This association remained essentially unchanged after adjustment for age and calendar year. The presence of enterovirus in the concomitantly sampled stool further increased the likelihood of enterovirus RNA in blood (odds ratio 2.40, CI 95% 1.13-4.70), but did not affect the association with IFIH1 rs1990760. The rare polymorphisms (individually, or pooled) were not significantly associated with enterovirus RNA in blood.

Conclusions: The common IFIH1 SNP may modify the frequency of enterovirus RNA in blood of healthy children. This effect can help explain the association of IFIH1 with type 1 diabetes.

Citing Articles

Detection of enterovirus RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells correlates with the presence of the predisposing allele of the type 1 diabetes risk gene IFIH1 and with disease stage.

Sioofy-Khojine A, Richardson S, Locke J, Oikarinen S, Nurminen N, Laine A Diabetologia. 2022; 65(10):1701-1709.

PMID: 35867130 PMC: 9477938. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05753-y.

Enteroviruses and Type 1 Diabetes: Multiple Mechanisms and Factors?.

Lloyd R, Tamhankar M, Lernmark A Annu Rev Med. 2021; 73:483-499.

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Role of nucleic acid sensing in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes.

Badal D, Sachdeva N, Maheshwari D, Basak P World J Diabetes. 2021; 12(10):1655-1673.

PMID: 34754369 PMC: 8554372. DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i10.1655.

Viruses and Type 1 Diabetes: From Enteroviruses to the Virome.

Isaacs S, Foskett D, Maxwell A, Ward E, Faulkner C, Luo J Microorganisms. 2021; 9(7).

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Exploring the Triple Interaction between the Host Genome, the Epigenome, and the Gut Microbiome in Type 1 Diabetes.

Elhag D, Kumar M, Al Khodor S Int J Mol Sci. 2020; 22(1).

PMID: 33374418 PMC: 7795494. DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010125.

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