The Combined Effects of Self-referent Information Processing and Ruminative Responses on Adolescent Depression

Overview

Journal J Youth Adolesc

Specialties Pediatrics
Psychology
Social Sciences

Date 2012 Oct 12

PMID 23054351

Citations 11

Authors

Stephanie Winkeljohn Black

Patrick Possel

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Adolescents who develop depression have worse interpersonal and affective experiences and are more likely to develop substance problems and/or suicidal ideation compared to adolescents who do not develop depression. This study examined the combined effects of negative self-referent information processing and rumination (i.e., brooding and reflection) on adolescent depressive symptoms. It was hypothesized that the interaction of negative self-referent information processing and brooding would significantly predict depressive symptoms, while the interaction of negative self-referent information processing and reflection would not predict depressive symptoms. Adolescents (n = 92; 13-15 years; 34.7% female) participated in a 6-month longitudinal study. Self-report instruments measured depressive symptoms and rumination; a cognitive task measured information processing. Path modelling in Amos 19.0 analyzed the data. The interaction of negative information processing and brooding significantly predicted an increase in depressive symptoms 6 months later. The interaction of negative information processing and reflection did not significantly predict depression, however, the model not meet a priori standards to accept the null hypothesis. Results suggest clinicians working with adolescents at-risk for depression should consider focusing on the reduction of brooding and negative information processing to reduce long-term depressive symptoms.

Citing Articles

Pathways from Maternal Harsh Discipline Through Rumination to Anxiety and Depression Symptoms: Gender and Normativeness of Harsh Discipline as Moderators.

Iselin A, DiGiunta L, Lunetti C, Lansford J, Eisenberg N, Dodge K Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol. 2022; 50(10):1313-1326.

PMID: 35870036 PMC: 9979779. DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-00951-z.

Network analysis of depressive and anxiety symptoms in adolescents during the later stage of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Cai H, Bai W, Liu H, Chen X, Qi H, Liu R Transl Psychiatry. 2022; 12(1):98.

PMID: 35273161 PMC: 8907388. DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01838-9.

Integrating the Hopelessness Model and the Response Style Theory in an Adolescent Sample.

Possel P, Pittard C J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2018; 47(4):695-706.

PMID: 30105612 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-018-0465-z.

Negative Self-Referential Processing Predicts the Recurrence of Major Depressive Episodes.

LeMoult J, Kircanski K, Prasad G, Gotlib I Clin Psychol Sci. 2017; 5(1):174-181.

PMID: 28286705 PMC: 5341388. DOI: 10.1177/2167702616654898.

Emotion Regulation Strategies in Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Youth: A Meta-Analytic Review.

Schafer J, Naumann E, Holmes E, Tuschen-Caffier B, Samson A J Youth Adolesc. 2016; 46(2):261-276.

PMID: 27734198 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-016-0585-0.

References

Miranda J, Persons J . Dysfunctional attitudes are mood-state dependent. J Abnorm Psychol. 1988; 97(1):76-9. DOI: 10.1037//0021-843x.97.1.76. View

Lopez C, Driscoll K, Kistner J . Sex differences and response styles: subtypes of rumination and associations with depressive symptoms. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2009; 38(1):27-35. DOI: 10.1080/15374410802575412. View

Possel P, Knopf K . An experimental test of the maintenance and vulnerability hypothesis of depression in consideration of the cognitive hierarchy. Depress Anxiety. 2007; 25(9):E47-55. DOI: 10.1002/da.20313. View

Costello E, Erkanli A, Angold A . Is there an epidemic of child or adolescent depression?. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2006; 47(12):1263-71. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01682.x. View

Hilt L, McLaughlin K, Nolen-Hoeksema S . Examination of the response styles theory in a community sample of young adolescents. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2010; 38(4):545-56. PMC: 2848704. DOI: 10.1007/s10802-009-9384-3. View

Jacobs R, Reinecke M, Gollan J, Kane P . Empirical evidence of cognitive vulnerability for depression among children and adolescents: a cognitive science and developmental perspective. Clin Psychol Rev. 2007; 28(5):759-82. PMC: 2365464. DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2007.10.006. View

Kuiper N, Derry P . Depressed and nondepressed content self-reference in mild depressives. J Pers. 1982; 50(1):67-80. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1982.tb00746.x. View

Dykman B, Abramson L, Alloy L, Hartlage S . Processing of ambiguous and unambiguous feedback by depressed and nondepressed college students: schematic biases and their implications for depressive realism. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1989; 56(3):431-45. DOI: 10.1037//0022-3514.56.3.431. View

Prinstein M, Cheah C, Guyer A . Peer victimization, cue interpretation, and internalizing symptoms: preliminary concurrent and longitudinal findings for children and adolescents. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2005; 34(1):11-24. DOI: 10.1207/s15374424jccp3401_2. View

10.

Nolen-Hoeksema S, Parker L, Larson J . Ruminative coping with depressed mood following loss. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1994; 67(1):92-104. DOI: 10.1037//0022-3514.67.1.92. View

11.

Nolen-Hoeksema S, Morrow J . A prospective study of depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms after a natural disaster: the 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1991; 61(1):115-21. DOI: 10.1037//0022-3514.61.1.115. View

12.

Ciesla J, Roberts J . Rumination, negative cognition, and their interactive effects on depressed mood. Emotion. 2007; 7(3):555-65. DOI: 10.1037/1528-3542.7.3.555. View

13.

Burwell R, Shirk S . Subtypes of rumination in adolescence: associations between brooding, reflection, depressive symptoms, and coping. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2007; 36(1):56-65. DOI: 10.1080/15374410709336568. View

14.

Beck A . THINKING AND DEPRESSION. II. THEORY AND THERAPY. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1964; 10:561-71. DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.1964.01720240015003. View

15.

Nolen-Hoeksema S, Wisco B, Lyubomirsky S . Rethinking Rumination. Perspect Psychol Sci. 2015; 3(5):400-24. DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00088.x. View

16.

Dozois D, Dobson K . Information processing and cognitive organization in unipolar depression: specificity and comorbidity issues. J Abnorm Psychol. 2001; 110(2):236-46. DOI: 10.1037//0021-843x.110.2.236. View

17.

Kelvin R, Goodyer I, Teasdale J, Brechin D . Latent negative self-schema and high emotionality in well adolescents at risk for psychopathology. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1999; 40(6):959-68. View

18.

Compton S, March J, Brent D, Albano 5th A, Weersing R, Curry J . Cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy for anxiety and depressive disorders in children and adolescents: an evidence-based medicine review. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004; 43(8):930-59. DOI: 10.1097/01.chi.0000127589.57468.bf. View

19.

Wilkinson P, Goodyer I . Attention difficulties and mood-related ruminative response style in adolescents with unipolar depression. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2006; 47(12):1284-91. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01660.x. View

20.

Bentler P . Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychol Bull. 1990; 107(2):238-46. DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.238. View