Detection of Rapidly Exchanging Compounds Using On-resonance Frequency-labeled Exchange (FLEX) Transfer

Overview

Journal Magn Reson Med

Publisher Wiley

Specialty Radiology

Date 2012 Jul 28

PMID 22837066

Citations 23

Authors

Nirbhay N Yadav

Craig K Jones

Jiadi Xu

Amnon Bar-Shir

Assaf A Gilad

Michael T McMahon

Peter C M van Zijl

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Frequency-labeled exchange transfer is a promising MRI technique for labeling and detecting exchanging protons of low-concentration solutes through the water signal. Early frequency-labeled exchange studies have used off-resonance excitation-based labeling schemes that are well suited to study rapidly exchanging protons or molecules far from the water resonance (e.g., water in paramagnetic contrast agents) or slowly exchanging protons close to the water resonance (e.g., some amide protons). However, off-resonance labeling is not efficient for rapidly exchanging protons close to water. Here, we show that a new frequency-labeled exchange labeling scheme with excitation pulses applied on the water resonance gives much higher exchange contrast for rapidly exchanging protons resonating close to the water resonance frequency. This labeling scheme is particularly suited for studying rapidly exchanging hydroxyl, amine, and imino protons in diamagnetic chemical exchange saturation transfer agents.

Citing Articles

Radiofrequency labeling strategies in chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI.

Bie C, van Zijl P, Xu J, Song X, Yadav N NMR Biomed. 2023; 36(6):e4944.

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Noninvasively differentiating acute and chronic nephropathies via multiparametric urea-CEST, nuclear Overhauser enhancement-CEST, and quantitative magnetization transfer MRI.

Shin S, Wendland M, Wang J, Velasquez M, Vandsburger M Magn Reson Med. 2022; 89(2):774-786.

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Harnessing Water to Enhance Quadrupolar NMR Spectroscopy and Imaging.

Martinho R, Frydman L Chemistry. 2022; 28(58):e202201490.

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Average saturation efficiency filter (ASEF) for CEST imaging.

Jin T, Chung J Magn Reson Med. 2022; 88(1):254-265.

PMID: 35344594 PMC: 9172934. DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29211.

In vivo tracking of unlabelled mesenchymal stromal cells by mannose-weighted chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI.

Yuan Y, Wang C, Kuddannaya S, Zhang J, Arifin D, Han Z Nat Biomed Eng. 2022; 6(5):658-666.

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