Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy, and T-CD4+ Lymphopenia

Overview

Journal Clin Rev Allergy Immunol

Specialty Allergy & Immunology

Date 2012 Jun 8

PMID 22674017

Citations 15

Authors

Mariana Brandao

Joana Damasio

Antonio Marinho

Ana Martins da Silva

Julia Vasconcelos

Esmeralda Neves

Isabel Almeida

Fatima Farinha

Carlos Vasconcelos

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare opportunistic infection caused by the reactivation of JC virus and occurs in patients with severe primary or secondary immunosuppression. Recently, PML is becoming relevant in autoimmune disorders, particularly in patients treated with biologic agents. However, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) appears to be associated with susceptibility to PML that cannot be entirely explained by the immunosuppressive therapy. The authors present two patients with the diagnosis of SLE and PML: One had a heavy immunosuppressive therapy history, and the other had never experienced biologic or cytotoxic therapeutics. Both patients had a profound T-CD4+ lymphopenia during their clinical history. These two cases emphasize the importance of CD4+ lymphopenia in SLE patients with and without immunosuppressors regarding opportunistic infections.

Citing Articles

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Consequence of Patient-Intrinsic or -Extrinsic Factors?.

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Cerebellar Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Mimicking Anti-Yo-Antibody-Associated Rapidly Progressive Cerebellar Syndrome.

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Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient with systemic sclerosis treated with methotrexate: A case report and literature review.

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Pharmacovigilance of Biopharmaceuticals in Rheumatic Diseases, Adverse Events, Evolution, and Perspective: An Overview.

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