T Lymphocyte Immunity in Host Defence Against Chlamydia Trachomatis and Its Implication for Vaccine Development

Overview

Journal Can J Infect Dis

Date 2012 Mar 28

PMID 22451777

Citations 13

Authors

X Yang

R Brunham

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen that causes several significant human infectious diseases, including trachoma, urethritis, cervicitis and salpingitis, and is an important cofactor for transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. Until very recently, over three decades of research effort aimed at developing a C trachomatis vaccine had failed, due mainly to the lack of a precise understanding of the mechanisms for protective immunity. Although most studies concerning protective immunity to C trachomatis have focused on humoral immune responses, recent studies have clearly shown that T helper-1 (Th1)-like CD4 T cell-mediated immune responses play the dominant role in protective immunity. These studies suggest a paradigm for chlamydial immunity and pathology based on the concept of heterogeneity (Th1/Th2) in CD4 T cell immune responses. This concept for chlamydial immunity offers a rational template on which to base renewed efforts for development of a chlamydial vaccine that targets the induction of cell-mediated Th1 immune responses.

Citing Articles

Cellular Basis for the Enhanced Efficacy of the Fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3 Ligand (FL) Adjuvanted VCG-Based Vaccine.

Richardson S, Medhavi F, Tanner T, Lundy S, Omosun Y, Igietseme J Front Immunol. 2021; 12:698737.

PMID: 34249004 PMC: 8264281. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.698737.

Shift work influences the outcomes of Chlamydia infection and pathogenesis.

Lundy S, Richardson S, Ramsey A, Ellerson D, Fengxia Y, Onyeabor S Sci Rep. 2020; 10(1):15389.

PMID: 32958779 PMC: 7505842. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72409-5.

NK-DC Crosstalk in Immunity to Microbial Infection.

Thomas R, Yang X J Immunol Res. 2017; 2016:6374379.

PMID: 28097157 PMC: 5206438. DOI: 10.1155/2016/6374379.

Respective IL-17A production by γδ T and Th17 cells and its implication in host defense against chlamydial lung infection.

Bai H, Gao X, Zhao L, Peng Y, Yang J, Qiao S Cell Mol Immunol. 2016; 14(10):850-861.

PMID: 27796286 PMC: 5649107. DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2016.53.

Antibody and Cytokine Responses of Koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) Vaccinated with Recombinant Chlamydial Major Outer Membrane Protein (MOMP) with Two Different Adjuvants.

Khan S, Desclozeaux M, Waugh C, Hanger J, Loader J, Gerdts V PLoS One. 2016; 11(5):e0156094.

PMID: 27219467 PMC: 4878773. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156094.

References

McDonnell W, Askari F . DNA vaccines. N Engl J Med. 1996; 334(1):42-5. DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199601043340110. View

MOULDER J . Interaction of chlamydiae and host cells in vitro. Microbiol Rev. 1991; 55(1):143-90. PMC: 372804. DOI: 10.1128/mr.55.1.143-190.1991. View

Scott P, Kaufmann S . The role of T-cell subsets and cytokines in the regulation of infection. Immunol Today. 1991; 12(10):346-8. DOI: 10.1016/0167-5699(91)90063-Y. View

Friis R . Interaction of L cells and Chlamydia psittaci: entry of the parasite and host responses to its development. J Bacteriol. 1972; 110(2):706-21. PMC: 247468. DOI: 10.1128/jb.110.2.706-721.1972. View

Williams D, Schachter J, Weiner M, Grubbs B . Antibody in host defense against mouse pneumonitis agent (murine Chlamydia trachomatis). Infect Immun. 1984; 45(3):674-8. PMC: 263348. DOI: 10.1128/iai.45.3.674-678.1984. View

Brossay L, Villeneuve A, Paradis G, Cote L, Mourad W, Hebert J . Mimicry of a neutralizing epitope of the major outer membrane protein of Chlamydia trachomatis by anti-idiotypic antibodies. Infect Immun. 1994; 62(2):341-7. PMC: 186113. DOI: 10.1128/iai.62.2.341-347.1994. View

Magee D, Smith J, Bleicker C, Carter C, Bonewald L, Schachter J . Chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia induces in vivo production of interleukin-1 and -6. Infect Immun. 1992; 60(3):1217-20. PMC: 257615. DOI: 10.1128/iai.60.3.1217-1220.1992. View

Fiorentino D, Bond M, Mosmann T . Two types of mouse T helper cell. IV. Th2 clones secrete a factor that inhibits cytokine production by Th1 clones. J Exp Med. 1989; 170(6):2081-95. PMC: 2189521. DOI: 10.1084/jem.170.6.2081. View

Mombaerts P, Arnoldi J, Russ F, Tonegawa S, Kaufmann S . Different roles of alpha beta and gamma delta T cells in immunity against an intracellular bacterial pathogen. Nature. 1993; 365(6441):53-6. DOI: 10.1038/365053a0. View

10.

Barron A, WHITE H, Rank R, Soloff B, MOSES E . A new animal model for the study of Chlamydia trachomatis genital infections: infection of mice with the agent of mouse pneumonitis. J Infect Dis. 1981; 143(1):63-6. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/143.1.63. View

11.

Su H, Caldwell H . Immunogenicity of a chimeric peptide corresponding to T helper and B cell epitopes of the Chlamydia trachomatis major outer membrane protein. J Exp Med. 1992; 175(1):227-35. PMC: 2119084. DOI: 10.1084/jem.175.1.227. View

12.

Zhang D, Yang X, Berry J, Shen C, McClarty G, Brunham R . DNA vaccination with the major outer-membrane protein gene induces acquired immunity to Chlamydia trachomatis (mouse pneumonitis) infection. J Infect Dis. 1997; 176(4):1035-40. DOI: 10.1086/516545. View

13.

Magee D, Williams D, Smith J, Bleicker C, Grubbs B, Schachter J . Role of CD8 T cells in primary Chlamydia infection. Infect Immun. 1995; 63(2):516-21. PMC: 173025. DOI: 10.1128/iai.63.2.516-521.1995. View

14.

Bailey R, Kajbaf M, Whittle H, Ward M, Mabey D . The influence of local antichlamydial antibody on the acquisition and persistence of human ocular chlamydial infection: IgG antibodies are not protective. Epidemiol Infect. 1993; 111(2):315-24. PMC: 2271382. DOI: 10.1017/s0950268800057022. View

15.

Dhir S, BOATMAN E . Location of polysaccharide on Chlamydia psittaci by silver-methenamine staining and electron microscopy. J Bacteriol. 1972; 111(1):267-71. PMC: 251267. DOI: 10.1128/jb.111.1.267-271.1972. View

16.

Brunham R, Kuo C, Cles L, Holmes K . Correlation of host immune response with quantitative recovery of Chlamydia trachomatis from the human endocervix. Infect Immun. 1983; 39(3):1491-4. PMC: 348123. DOI: 10.1128/iai.39.3.1491-1494.1983. View

17.

Williams D, Byrne G, Grubbs B, Marshal T, Schachter J . Role in vivo for gamma interferon in control of pneumonia caused by Chlamydia trachomatis in mice. Infect Immun. 1988; 56(11):3004-6. PMC: 259686. DOI: 10.1128/iai.56.11.3004-3006.1988. View

18.

Woods 2nd M, Mayer J, Evans T, Hibbs Jr J . Antiparasitic effects of nitric oxide in an in vitro murine model of Chlamydia trachomatis infection and an in vivo murine model of Leishmania major infection. Immunol Ser. 1994; 60:179-95. View

19.

Bretscher P, Wei G, Menon J, Bielefeldt-Ohmann H . Establishment of stable, cell-mediated immunity that makes "susceptible" mice resistant to Leishmania major. Science. 1992; 257(5069):539-42. DOI: 10.1126/science.1636090. View

20.

Caldwell H, Kromhout J, Schachter J . Purification and partial characterization of the major outer membrane protein of Chlamydia trachomatis. Infect Immun. 1981; 31(3):1161-76. PMC: 351439. DOI: 10.1128/iai.31.3.1161-1176.1981. View