Genome Integrity, Stem Cells and Hyaluronan

Overview

Journal Aging (Albany NY)

Specialty Geriatrics

Date 2012 Mar 3

PMID 22383371

Citations 15

Authors

Zbigniew Darzynkiewicz

Endre A Balazs

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Faithful preservation of genome integrity is the critical mission of stem cells as well as of germ cells. Reviewed are the following mechanisms involved in protecting DNA in these cells: (a) The efflux machinery that can pump out variety of genotoxins in ATP-dependent manner; (b) the mechanisms maintaining minimal metabolic activity which reduces generation of reactive oxidants, by-products of aerobic respiration; (c) the role of hypoxic niche of stem cells providing a gradient of variable oxygen tension; (d)(e) the presence of hyaluronan (HA) and HA receptors on stem cells and in the niche; (f) the role of role of HA in protecting DNA from oxidative damage; (g) the specific role of HA that may play a role protecting DNA in stem cells; (h) the interactions of HA with sperm cells and oocytes that also may shield their DNA from oxidative damage, and (e) mechanisms by which HA exerts the anti-oxidant activity. While HA has multitude of functions its anti-oxidant capabilities are often overlooked but may be of significance in preservation of integrity of stem and germ cells genome.

Citing Articles

Hyaluronan Induces a Mitochondrial Functional Switch in Fast-Proliferating Human Mesenchymal Stem.

Solis M, Wei Y, Chang C, Yu C, Huang L Int J Stem Cells. 2020; 13(1):151-162.

PMID: 31910510 PMC: 7119204. DOI: 10.15283/ijsc19004.

CD44/CD44v6 a Reliable Companion in Cancer-Initiating Cell Maintenance and Tumor Progression.

Wang Z, Zhao K, Hackert T, Zoller M Front Cell Dev Biol. 2018; 6:97.

PMID: 30211160 PMC: 6122270. DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00097.

Hyaluronan keeps mesenchymal stem cells quiescent and maintains the differentiation potential over time.

Wong T, Chang C, Yu C, Huang L Aging Cell. 2017; 16(3):451-460.

PMID: 28474484 PMC: 5418204. DOI: 10.1111/acel.12567.

Of Cytometry, Stem Cells and Fountain of Youth.

Galkowski D, Ratajczak M, Kocki J, Darzynkiewicz Z Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2017; 13(4):465-481.

PMID: 28364326 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-017-9733-5.

Prolonged Growth Hormone/Insulin/Insulin-like Growth Factor Nutrient Response Signaling Pathway as a Silent Killer of Stem Cells and a Culprit in Aging.

Ratajczak M, Bartke A, Darzynkiewicz Z Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2017; 13(4):443-453.

PMID: 28229284 PMC: 5493720. DOI: 10.1007/s12015-017-9728-2.

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