Recent Progress in Understanding Molecular Mechanisms of Cartilage Degeneration During Osteoarthritis

Overview

Journal Ann N Y Acad Sci

Specialty Science

Date 2011 Dec 17

PMID 22172041

Citations 86

Authors

Meina Wang

Jie Shen

Hongting Jin

Hee-Jeong Im

John Sandy

Di Chen

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent disease affecting more than 20% of American adults. Predispositions include joint injury, heredity, obesity, and aging. Biomechanical alterations are commonly involved. However, the molecular mechanisms of this disease are complex, and there is currently no effective disease-modifying treatment. The initiation and progression of OA subtypes is a complex process that at the molecular level probably involves many cell types, signaling pathways, and changes in extracellular matrix. Ex vivo studies with tissue derived from OA patients and in vivo studies with mutant mice have suggested that pathways involving receptor ligands such as TGF-β1, WNT3a, and Indian hedgehog; signaling molecules such as Smads, β-catenin, and HIF-2a; and peptidases such as MMP13 and ADAMTS4/5 are probably involved to some degree. This review focuses on molecular mechanisms of OA development related to recent findings.

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