Interaction Between Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Mycobacterium Bovis, Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis with the Enteric Glia and Microglial Cells

Overview

Journal Gut Pathog

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Gastroenterology

Date 2011 Dec 14

PMID 22151930

Citations 5

Authors

Sara Cannas

Paola Molicotti

Alessandra Bua

Donatella Usai

Leonardo A Sechi

Antonio M Scanu

Elisabetta Blasi

Stefania Zanetti

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: We investigated the interaction of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, M. bovis and M. tuberculosis and different glial cells (enteric glial and microglial cells) in order to evaluate the infecting ability of these microorganisms and the effects produced on these cells, such as the evaluation of cytokines expression.

Results: Our experiments demonstrated the adhesion of M. paratuberculosis to the enteroglial cells and the induction of IL-1A and IL-6 expression; M. tuberculosis and M. bovis showed a good adhesive capability to the enteric cell line with the expression of the following cytokines: IL-1A and IL-1B, TNF-α, G-CSF and GM-CSF; M. bovis induced the expression of IL-6 too.The experiment performed with the microglial cells confirmed the results obtained with the enteroglial cells after the infection with M. tuberculosis and M. bovis, whereas M. paratuberculosis stimulated the production of IL-1A and IL-1B.

Conclusion: Enteroglial and microglial cells, could be the target of pathogenic mycobacteria and, even if present in different locations (Enteric Nervous System and Central Nervous System), show to have similar mechanism of immunomodulation.

Citing Articles

Interactions between CNS and immune cells in tuberculous meningitis.

Ma Q, Chen J, Kong X, Zeng Y, Chen Z, Liu H Front Immunol. 2024; 15:1326859.

PMID: 38361935 PMC: 10867975. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1326859.

Gliosis, misfolded protein aggregation, and neuronal loss in a guinea pig model of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Latham A, Geer C, Ackart D, Anderson I, Vittoria K, Podell B Front Neurosci. 2023; 17:1157652.

PMID: 37274195 PMC: 10235533. DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1157652.

Potential of Neuroinflammation-Modulating Strategies in Tuberculous Meningitis: Targeting Microglia.

Lu H, Guo D, Wei Q Aging Dis. 2023; 15(3):1255-1276.

PMID: 37196131 PMC: 11081169. DOI: 10.14336/AD.2023.0311.

Neutrophil-Mediated Immunopathology and Matrix Metalloproteinases in Central Nervous System - Tuberculosis.

Poh X, Loh F, Friedland J, Ong C Front Immunol. 2022; 12:788976.

PMID: 35095865 PMC: 8789671. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.788976.

Microglia are crucial regulators of neuro-immunity during central nervous system tuberculosis.

Spanos J, Hsu N, Jacobs M Front Cell Neurosci. 2015; 9:182.

PMID: 26041993 PMC: 4435040. DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00182.

References

Zhang S, Goetz B, Carre J, Duncan I . Reactive microglia in dysmyelination and demyelination. Glia. 2001; 34(2):101-9. DOI: 10.1002/glia.1045. View

Rock R, Hu S, Gekker G, Sheng W, May B, Kapur V . Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced cytokine and chemokine expression by human microglia and astrocytes: effects of dexamethasone. J Infect Dis. 2005; 192(12):2054-8. DOI: 10.1086/498165. View

Ruhl A . Glial cells in the gut. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2005; 17(6):777-90. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2005.00687.x. View

Curto M, Reali C, Palmieri G, Scintu F, Schivo M, Sogos V . Inhibition of cytokines expression in human microglia infected by virulent and non-virulent mycobacteria. Neurochem Int. 2003; 44(6):381-92. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2003.08.012. View

Sechi L, Scanu A, Molicotti P, Cannas S, Mura M, Dettori G . Detection and Isolation of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis from intestinal mucosal biopsies of patients with and without Crohn's disease in Sardinia. Am J Gastroenterol. 2005; 100(7):1529-36. DOI: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.41415.x. View

Peterson P, Gekker G, Hu S, Sheng W, Anderson W, Ulevitch R . CD14 receptor-mediated uptake of nonopsonized Mycobacterium tuberculosis by human microglia. Infect Immun. 1995; 63(4):1598-602. PMC: 173196. DOI: 10.1128/iai.63.4.1598-1602.1995. View

Price N, Farrar J, Tran T, Nguyen T, Tran T, Friedland J . Identification of a matrix-degrading phenotype in human tuberculosis in vitro and in vivo. J Immunol. 2001; 166(6):4223-30. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.166.6.4223. View

Cabarrocas J, Savidge T, Liblau R . Role of enteric glial cells in inflammatory bowel disease. Glia. 2002; 41(1):81-93. DOI: 10.1002/glia.10169. View

Eliason D, Cohen S, Baratta J, Yu J, Robertson R . Local proliferation of microglia cells in response to neocortical injury in vitro. Brain Res Dev Brain Res. 2002; 137(1):75-9. DOI: 10.1016/s0165-3806(02)00413-3. View

10.

Yang I, Han S, Kaur G, Crane C, Parsa A . The role of microglia in central nervous system immunity and glioma immunology. J Clin Neurosci. 2009; 17(1):6-10. PMC: 3786731. DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2009.05.006. View

11.

Carbonell W, Murase S, Horwitz A, Mandell J . Infiltrative microgliosis: activation and long-distance migration of subependymal microglia following periventricular insults. J Neuroinflammation. 2005; 2(1):5. PMC: 548677. DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-2-5. View

12.

Rock R, Gekker G, Hu S, Sheng W, Cheeran M, Lokensgard J . Role of microglia in central nervous system infections. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2004; 17(4):942-64, table of contents. PMC: 523558. DOI: 10.1128/CMR.17.4.942-964.2004. View

13.

Horvath R, Nutile-McMenemy N, Alkaitis M, DeLeo J . Differential migration, LPS-induced cytokine, chemokine, and NO expression in immortalized BV-2 and HAPI cell lines and primary microglial cultures. J Neurochem. 2008; 107(2):557-69. PMC: 2581646. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05633.x. View

14.

Flynn J, GOLDSTEIN M, Chan J, Triebold K, Pfeffer K, Lowenstein C . Tumor necrosis factor-alpha is required in the protective immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mice. Immunity. 1995; 2(6):561-72. DOI: 10.1016/1074-7613(95)90001-2. View

15.

Vasina V, Barbara G, Talamonti L, Stanghellini V, Corinaldesi R, Tonini M . Enteric neuroplasticity evoked by inflammation. Auton Neurosci. 2006; 126-127:264-72. DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2006.02.025. View

16.

Hernandez-Pando R, Rook G . The role of TNF-alpha in T-cell-mediated inflammation depends on the Th1/Th2 cytokine balance. Immunology. 1994; 82(4):591-5. PMC: 1414923. View

17.

Chiang S, Sommer S, Aho A, Kiupel M, Colvin C, Tooker B . Relationship between Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, IL-1alpha, and TRAF1 in primary bovine monocyte-derived macrophages. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2007; 116(3-4):131-44. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2007.01.005. View

18.

Peterson P, Gekker G, Hu S, Anderson W, Teichert M, Chao C . Multinucleated giant cell formation of swine microglia induced by Mycobacterium bovis. J Infect Dis. 1996; 173(5):1194-201. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/173.5.1194. View

19.

von Boyen G, Steinkamp M, Geerling I, Reinshagen M, Schafer K, Adler G . Proinflammatory cytokines induce neurotrophic factor expression in enteric glia: a key to the regulation of epithelial apoptosis in Crohn's disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2006; 12(5):346-54. DOI: 10.1097/01.MIB.0000219350.72483.44. View

20.

Schroeter M, Jander S, Huitinga I, Witte O, Stoll G . Phagocytic response in photochemically induced infarction of rat cerebral cortex. The role of resident microglia. Stroke. 1997; 28(2):382-6. DOI: 10.1161/01.str.28.2.382. View