Age Effect on Myocellular Remodeling: Response to Exercise and Nutrition in Humans

Overview

Journal Ageing Res Rev

Specialty Geriatrics

Date 2011 Nov 17

PMID 22085885

Citations 13

Authors

Brian A Irving

Matthew M Robinson

K Sreekumaran Nair

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Aging is associated with decline in muscle mass and muscle functions. Muscle strength declines disproportionate to the decline in muscle mass indicating that muscle quality or protein quality also declines with age. Human studies have shown a progressive decline in muscle protein synthesis including proteins in the contractile apparatus and mitochondria with age. However, the decline in muscle protein synthesis is disproportionate to the decline in muscle mass that occurs with age prompting to hypothesize that muscle protein degradation also declines with age. A decline in mitochondrial capacity to synthesize ATP is likely a limiting factor of both synthesis and degradation, which are ATP dependent processes. In support of the above hypothesis, several studies have shown a decline in whole body protein turnover (synthesis and degradation). The timely and efficient degradation of irreversibly damaged or modified proteins is critical to maintain the quality of protein. It is proposed that a failure to degrade the damaged proteins and replacing them with newly synthesized proteins contribute to age related decline in muscle mass and quality of muscle proteins. The underlying molecular mechanism of these age related changes in human muscle needs further investigation.

Citing Articles

High-intensity aerobic, but not resistance or combined, exercise training improves both cardiometabolic health and skeletal muscle mitochondrial dynamics.

Ruegsegger G, Pataky M, Simha S, Robinson M, Klaus K, Nair K J Appl Physiol (1985). 2023; 135(4):763-774.

PMID: 37616334 PMC: 10642518. DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00405.2023.

Editorial: Mechanisms Linking Transport and Utilization of Metabolic Fuels to the Impact of Nutrition and Exercise Upon Health.

Henderson G, Hashimoto T, Irving B, Halliday T Front Nutr. 2021; 8:803369.

PMID: 34901131 PMC: 8661498. DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.803369.

The Association between Poor Diet Quality, Physical Fatigability and Physical Function in the Oldest-Old from the Geisinger Rural Aging Study.

Davis B, Liu Y, Stampley J, Wood G, Mitchell D, Jensen G Geriatrics (Basel). 2021; 6(2).

PMID: 33920900 PMC: 8167721. DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics6020041.

Associations of Circulating Irisin with FNDC5 Expression in Fat and Muscle in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetic Mice.

Jiang S, Piao L, Ma E, Ha H, Huh J Biomolecules. 2021; 11(2).

PMID: 33672565 PMC: 7924053. DOI: 10.3390/biom11020322.

Commentaries on Viewpoint: Rejuvenation of the term sarcopenia.

Langer H, Mossakowski A, Baar K, Alcazar J, Martin-Rincon M, Alegre L J Appl Physiol (1985). 2019; 126(1):257-262.

PMID: 30694711 PMC: 6442659. DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00816.2018.

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