Influence of Different Commercial Scaffolds on the in Vitro Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Nucleus Pulposus-like Cells

Overview

Journal Eur Spine J

Specialty Orthopedics

Date 2011 Aug 25

PMID 21863459

Citations 20

Authors

Alessandro Bertolo

Marco Mehr

Niklaus Aebli

Martin Baur

Stephen J Ferguson

Jivko V Stoyanov

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Introduction: Cell-based therapies for regeneration of the degenerated intervertebral disc (IVD) are an alternative to current surgical intervention. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), in combination with a scaffold, might be ideal candidates for regenerating nucleus pulposus (NP), the pressure-distributing part of the IVD. While the use of growth factors for MSCs differentiation currently receives major attention, in this study we compare the performance of sponge-like matrixes in supporting cell differentiation into NP-like cells.

Materials And Methods: Four types matrixes approved as medical devices for other applications were tested as scaffolds for MSCs: two made of equine or porcine collagen, one of gelatin and one of chitosan. Bone marrow-derived human MSCs were seeded in these scaffolds or embedded in alginate, as a three-dimensional control. After five weeks in culture, NP-like differentiation of the cell-scaffold constructs was analyzed by qRT-PCR, histology, total DNA quantification, proteoglycan accumulation and immunohistochemistry.

Results: MSCs in collagen matrixes and gelatin produced more mRNA and proteins of the chondrogenic markers collagen type I, collagen type II (COL2) and aggrecan (ACAN), when compared with cells embedded in alginate or chitosan. Proteoglycan accumulation and cell survival were also higher in collagen and gelatin matrixes. Gene expression results were also confirmed by histological and immunohistochemical staining. In contrast to alginate control, the gene expression of the undesired bone marker osteopontin was lower in all tested groups. In porcine collagen supports, MSC expression ratio between COL2/ACAN closely resembled the expression of nucleus pulposus cells, but gene expression of recently described NP markers keratin19, PAX1 and FOXF1 was lower.

Conclusions: Collagen supports provide a readily available, medically approved and effective scaffold for chondrogenic differentiation in vitro, but the phenotype of differentiated MSCs is not yet completely equivalent to that of NP cells.

Citing Articles

A Review: Methodologies to Promote the Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Regeneration of Intervertebral Disc Cells Following Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.

Ohnishi T, Homan K, Fukushima A, Ukeba D, Iwasaki N, Sudo H Cells. 2023; 12(17).

PMID: 37681893 PMC: 10486900. DOI: 10.3390/cells12172161.

Application of stem cells combined with biomaterial in the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration.

Liu Z, Bian Y, Wu G, Fu C Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022; 10:1077028.

PMID: 36507272 PMC: 9732431. DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1077028.

Self-assembling peptides with hBMP7 biological activity promote the differentiation of ADSCs into nucleus pulposus-like cells.

Wang C, Li Z, Zhang K, Zhang C J Orthop Surg Res. 2022; 17(1):197.

PMID: 35366936 PMC: 8976972. DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03102-8.

Biomaterials and Cell-Based Regenerative Therapies for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration with a Focus on Biological and Biomechanical Functional Repair: Targeting Treatments for Disc Herniation.

Yamada K, Iwasaki N, Sudo H Cells. 2022; 11(4).

PMID: 35203253 PMC: 8870062. DOI: 10.3390/cells11040602.

Autofluorescence-based sorting removes senescent cells from mesenchymal stromal cell cultures.

Bertolo A, Guerrero J, Stoyanov J Sci Rep. 2020; 10(1):19084.

PMID: 33154552 PMC: 7645702. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76202-2.

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