Infectious Serologies and Autoantibodies in Hepatitis C and Autoimmune Disease-associated Mixed Cryoglobulinemia

Overview

Journal Clin Rev Allergy Immunol

Specialty Allergy & Immunology

Date 2011 Jun 3

PMID 21633930

Citations 7

Authors

Merav Lidar

Noga Lipschitz

Nancy Agmon-Levin

Pnina Langevitz

Ori Barzilai

Maya Ram

Bat-Sheba Porat-Katz

Nicola Bizzaro

Jan Damoiseaux

Jan Willem Cohen Tervaert

Salvatore Devita

Stefano Bombardieri

Yehuda Shoenfeld

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) syndrome is an immune complex-mediated vasculitis characterized by the clinical triad of purpura, weakness, and arthralgias, the morbidity of which is mainly related to kidney and peripheral nervous system dysfunction as well as to the development of a secondary lymphoma (Ferri et al. Autoimmun Rev 7:114-120, 2007, Lidar et al. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1173:649-657, 2009, Trejo et al. Semin Arthritis Rheum 33:19-28, 2003). MC is associated with infectious and systemic disorders, principally autoimmune and lymphoproliferative diseases. Since the 1990s, a striking association (>90%) between MC and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been established (Ferri and Bombardieri 2004; Pascual et al. J Infect Dis 162:569-570, 1990). However, information regarding the etiopathogenesis of HCV-negative MC is scant (Mascia et al. Dig Liver Dis 39:61-64, 2007). We hereby present our findings, as well as previously published data, regarding the presence of antibodies against infectious agents and autoantibodies in patients with MC in an attempt to establish novel associations which may shed light on the etiopathogenesis of this disease.

Citing Articles

Epigenetics and Vasculitis: a Comprehensive Review.

Renauer P, Coit P, Sawalha A Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2015; 50(3):357-66.

PMID: 26093659 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-015-8495-6.

The challenge of treating orphan disease.

Dias C, Selmi C Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2014; 47(3):259-63.

PMID: 25395247 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-014-8462-7.

Hepatitis C virus-host interactions: Etiopathogenesis and therapeutic strategies.

Hassan M, Selimovic D, El-Khattouti A, Ghozlan H, Haikel Y, Abdelkader O World J Exp Med. 2014; 2(2):7-25.

PMID: 24520529 PMC: 3905577. DOI: 10.5493/wjem.v2.i2.7.

Diagnostics and treatment of cryoglobulinaemia: it takes two to tango.

Damoiseaux J, Cohen Tervaert J Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2013; 47(3):299-310.

PMID: 24068540 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-013-8390-y.

Autoimmune features in metabolic liver disease: a single-center experience and review of the literature.

Tsuneyama K, Baba H, Kikuchi K, Nishida T, Nomoto K, Hayashi S Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2013; 45(1):143-8.

PMID: 23842720 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-013-8383-x.

References

Saadoun D, Landau D, Calabrese L, Cacoub P . Hepatitis C-associated mixed cryoglobulinaemia: a crossroad between autoimmunity and lymphoproliferation. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2007; 46(8):1234-42. DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem132. View

Lohr H, Goergen B, Weber W, Godderz W, Meyer zum Buschenfelde K, Gerken G . Mixed cryoglobulinemia type II in chronic hepatitis B associated with HBe-minus HBV mutant: cellular immune reactions and response to interferon treatment. J Med Virol. 1994; 44(4):330-5. DOI: 10.1002/jmv.1890440404. View

Raus P, Stalmans P, Demeuter E, Spileers W, Dralands L . Unusual retinal vasculitis in a patient with protein S deficiency and systemic toxoplasmosis: a case report. Bull Soc Belge Ophtalmol. 2001; (279):7-12. View

Stratta P, Colla L, Campo A, Besso L, Berutti S, Canavese C . Primary Epstein-Barr virus infection associated with renal flare-up of HCV-related cryoglobulinaemia. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2000; 15(11):1874-6. DOI: 10.1093/ndt/15.11.1874. View

Vare P, Heikius B, Silvennoinen J, Karttunen R, Niemela S, Lehtola J . Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in inflammatory bowel disease: is Helicobacter pylori infection a protective factor?. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2002; 36(12):1295-300. DOI: 10.1080/003655201317097155. View

Ramos-Casals M, Cervera R, Yague J, Garcia-Carrasco M, Trejo O, Jimenez S . Cryoglobulinemia in primary Sjögren's syndrome: prevalence and clinical characteristics in a series of 115 patients. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1999; 28(3):200-5. DOI: 10.1016/s0049-0172(98)80037-1. View

Rodriguez-Pla A, Stone J . Vasculitis and systemic infections. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2005; 18(1):39-47. DOI: 10.1097/01.bor.0000197999.58073.2e. View

Garcia-Carrasco M, Ramos-Casals M, Cervera R, Trejo O, Yague J, Siso A . Cryoglobulinemia in systemic lupus erythematosus: prevalence and clinical characteristics in a series of 122 patients. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2001; 30(5):366-73. DOI: 10.1053/sarh.2001.20265. View

Trejo O, Ramos-Casals M, Lopez-Guillermo A, Garcia-Carrasco M, Yague J, Cervera R . Hematologic malignancies in patients with cryoglobulinemia: association with autoimmune and chronic viral diseases. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2003; 33(1):19-28. DOI: 10.1053/sarh.2003.50020. View

10.

Abbas O, Omar N, Zaghla H, Faramawi M . Schistosoma mansoni coinfection could have a protective effect against mixed cryoglobulinaemia in hepatitis C patients. Liver Int. 2009; 29(7):1065-70. DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2009.01970.x. View

11.

Bonnet F, Morlat P, Neau D, Viallard J, Ragnaud J, Dupon M . [Hematologic and immunologic manifestations of primary cytomegalovirus infections in non-immunocompromised hospitalized adults]. Rev Med Interne. 2000; 21(7):586-94. DOI: 10.1016/s0248-8663(00)80003-x. View

12.

Galli M, Monti G, Invernizzi F, Monteverde A, Bombardieri S, Gabrielli A . Hepatitis B virus-related markers in secondary and in essential mixed cryoglobulinemias: a multicentric study of 596 cases. The Italian Group for the Study of Cryoglobulinemias (GISC). Ann Ital Med Int. 1992; 7(4):209-14. View

13.

Ferri C, Greco F, Longombardo G, Palla P, Moretti A, Marzo E . Association between hepatitis C virus and mixed cryoglobulinemia [see comment]. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 1991; 9(6):621-4. View

14.

Agarwal N, Handa R, Acharya S, Wali J, Dinda A, Aggarwal P . A study of autoimmune markers in hepatitis C infection. Indian J Med Res. 2002; 113:170-4. View

15.

Clifford B, Donahue D, Smith L, Cable E, Luttig B, Manns M . High prevalence of serological markers of autoimmunity in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology. 1995; 21(3):613-9. View

16.

van Riet E, Hartgers F, Yazdanbakhsh M . Chronic helminth infections induce immunomodulation: consequences and mechanisms. Immunobiology. 2007; 212(6):475-90. DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2007.03.009. View

17.

Fiorini G, Sinico R, Winearls C, Custode P, De Giuli-Morghen C, DAmico G . Persistent Epstein-Barr virus infection in patients with type II essential mixed cryoglobulinemia. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1988; 47(3):262-9. DOI: 10.1016/s0090-1229(88)80004-7. View

18.

Takeuchi T, Yoshioka K, Hori A, MUKOYAMA K, Ohsawa A, Yokoh S . Cytomegalovirus mononucleosis with mixed cryoglobulinemia presenting transient pseudothrombocytopenia. Intern Med. 1993; 32(7):598-601. DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.32.598. View

19.

Ferri C, Zignego A, Pileri S . Cryoglobulins. J Clin Pathol. 2002; 55(1):4-13. PMC: 1769573. DOI: 10.1136/jcp.55.1.4. View

20.

Han S . Extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis B. Clin Liver Dis. 2004; 8(2):403-18. DOI: 10.1016/j.cld.2004.02.003. View