Turbidity Spectroscopy for Characterization of Submicroscopic Drug Carriers, Such As Nanoparticles and Lipid Vesicles: Size Determination

Overview

Journal Pharm Res

Specialties Pharmacology
Pharmacy

Date 2011 May 18

PMID 21584845

Citations 11

Authors

Mustafa M A Elsayed

Gregor Cevc

Affiliations

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Abstract

Purpose: To apply UV/Vis spectrometry for characterization of submicroscopic drug carriers, such as nanoparticles and lipid vesicles.

Methods: We first investigated theoretically, within the framework of the Rayleigh-Gans-Debye approximation (RGDA), parameters affecting turbidity spectrum, τ(λ), of nanosized light scatterers. We then analyzed, within the framework of the RGDA, experimental turbidity spectra (λ = 400-600 nm) of extruded unilamellar vesicle (70 nm ≤ 2r ≤ 110 nm) suspensions to derive vesicle size, using dynamic light scattering results for comparison. We similarly studied the preparations polydispersity and lamellarity and monitored vesicle size changes.

Results: Turbidimetry suffices for accurate, fast, and viscosity-independent characterization of submicroscopic particles. Analysis of turbidity spectra, or more precisely wavelength exponent spectra (derivatives of logarithmic turbidity spectra), yielded similar average radii (r = 54.2 ± 0.2 nm; 46.0 ± 0.2 nm; 35.5 ± 0.1 nm) as dynamic light scattering (r = 55.9 ± 1.5 nm; 46.1 ± 0.4 nm; 36.1 ± 0.4 nm). Both methods also revealed similar suspension polydispersity and cholate-induced vesicle size changes in a few nanometer range.

Conclusion: Despite its experimental simplicity, the widely accessible turbidimetric method provides accurate size values and is suitable for (continuous) monitoring size stability, or sameness, of submicroscopic drug carriers.

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