Functional Properties of a Phenylalanine Ammonia-lyase Promoter from Arabidopsis

Overview

Journal Plant Cell

Publisher Oxford University Press

Specialties Biology
Cell Biology

Date 1990 Sep 1

PMID 2152131

Citations 107

Authors

S Ohl

S A Hedrick

J Chory

C J Lamb

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) is encoded by a small family of genes in Arabidopsis. We cloned and partially characterized one of these genes, PAL1. The deduced amino acid sequence is highly similar to PAL from bean, parsley, and rice. The promoter contains sequence elements homologous to two putative regulatory elements conserved among several phenylpropanoid genes. The regulation of the PAL1 gene was examined by analysis of beta-glucuronidase (GUS) activity in transgenic Arabidopsis containing PAL1-GUS gene fusions. The PAL1 promoter was activated early in seedling development and in adult plants was strongly expressed in the vascular tissues of roots and leaves, but was not active in the root tip or the shoot apical meristem. In flowers, expression was observed in sepals, anthers, and carpels, but not in petals. Transcripts encoded by the endogenous PAL genes and GUS transcripts from the PAL1-GUS gene fusion were induced by wounding, HgCl2-stress, and light. Analysis of the regulatory properties of 5' deleted promoters showed that the proximal region of the promoter to -290 was sufficient to establish the full tissue-specific pattern of expression and that the proximal region to -540 was responsive to environmental stimuli. Negative and positive elements were located between -1816 and -823 and between -823 and -290, respectively.

Citing Articles

Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analysis of CsPALs in Cucumber ( L.) Reveal Their Potential Roles in Abiotic Stress and Aphid Stress Tolerance.

Gu J, Sohail H, Qiu L, Chen C, Yue H, Li Z Plants (Basel). 2024; 13(18).

PMID: 39339512 PMC: 11435200. DOI: 10.3390/plants13182537.

Carbon Dot-Mediated Photodynamic Treatment Improves the Quality Attributes of Post-Harvest Goji Berries ( L.) via Regulating the Antioxidant System.

Du J, Ni Z, Wang W, Thakur K, Ma R, Ma W Foods. 2024; 13(6).

PMID: 38540947 PMC: 10970019. DOI: 10.3390/foods13060955.

Metabolome and Transcriptome Analysis Revealed the Basis of the Difference in Antioxidant Capacity in Different Tissues of 'Ponkan'.

Liang X, Wang H, Xu W, Liu X, Zhao C, Chen J Antioxidants (Basel). 2024; 13(2).

PMID: 38397841 PMC: 10886001. DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020243.

Antioxidants of Non-Enzymatic Nature: Their Function in Higher Plant Cells and the Ways of Boosting Their Biosynthesis.

Rudenko N, Vetoshkina D, Marenkova T, Borisova-Mubarakshina M Antioxidants (Basel). 2023; 12(11).

PMID: 38001867 PMC: 10669185. DOI: 10.3390/antiox12112014.

Comprehensive Transcriptomic and Metabolic Profiling of --Infected Immature Wheat Embryos.

Wang W, Guo J, Ma J, Wang Z, Zhang L, Wang Z Int J Mol Sci. 2023; 24(9).

PMID: 37176157 PMC: 10179373. DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098449.

References

Benfey P, Chua N . Regulated genes in transgenic plants. Science. 1989; 244(4901):174-81. DOI: 10.1126/science.244.4901.174. View

Chang C, Meyerowitz E . Molecular cloning and DNA sequence of the Arabidopsis thaliana alcohol dehydrogenase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986; 83(5):1408-12. PMC: 323085. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.83.5.1408. View

Bolwell G, Bell J, Cramer C, Schuch W, Lamb C, Dixon R . L-Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase from Phaseolus vulgaris. Characterisation and differential induction of multiple forms from elicitor-treated cell suspension cultures. Eur J Biochem. 1985; 149(2):411-9. DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1985.tb08941.x. View

Castresana C, Garcia-Luque I, Alonso E, Malik V, Cashmore A . Both positive and negative regulatory elements mediate expression of a photoregulated CAB gene from Nicotiana plumbaginifolia. EMBO J. 1988; 7(7):1929-36. PMC: 454464. DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03030.x. View

Downie J, Johnston A . Nodulation of legumes by Rhizobium: the recognized root?. Cell. 1986; 47(2):153-4. DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90436-8. View

Schmid J, Doerner P, Clouse S, Dixon R, Lamb C . Developmental and environmental regulation of a bean chalcone synthase promoter in transgenic tobacco. Plant Cell. 1990; 2(7):619-31. PMC: 159916. DOI: 10.1105/tpc.2.7.619. View

Lois R, Dietrich A, Hahlbrock K, Schulz W . A phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene from parsley: structure, regulation and identification of elicitor and light responsive cis-acting elements. EMBO J. 1989; 8(6):1641-8. PMC: 401003. DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb03554.x. View

Jefferson R, Kavanagh T, Bevan M . GUS fusions: beta-glucuronidase as a sensitive and versatile gene fusion marker in higher plants. EMBO J. 1987; 6(13):3901-7. PMC: 553867. DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02730.x. View

Dron M, Clouse S, Dixon R, Lawton M, Lamb C . Glutathione and fungal elicitor regulation of a plant defense gene promoter in electroporated protoplasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988; 85(18):6738-42. PMC: 282053. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.85.18.6738. View

10.

Lamb C, Lawton M, Dron M, Dixon R . Signals and transduction mechanisms for activation of plant defenses against microbial attack. Cell. 1989; 56(2):215-24. DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90894-5. View

11.

Chory J, Peto C, Feinbaum R, Pratt L, Ausubel F . Arabidopsis thaliana mutant that develops as a light-grown plant in the absence of light. Cell. 1989; 58(5):991-9. DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90950-1. View

12.

Liang X, Dron M, Cramer C, Dixon R, Lamb C . Differential regulation of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase genes during plant development and by environmental cues. J Biol Chem. 1989; 264(24):14486-92. View

13.

Liang X, Dron M, Schmid J, Dixon R, Lamb C . Developmental and environmental regulation of a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase-beta-glucuronidase gene fusion in transgenic tobacco plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989; 86(23):9284-8. PMC: 298479. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.86.23.9284. View

14.

Bradford M . A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem. 1976; 72:248-54. DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3. View

15.

Chomczynski P, Sacchi N . Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal Biochem. 1987; 162(1):156-9. DOI: 10.1006/abio.1987.9999. View

16.

Bleecker A, Estelle M, Somerville C, Kende H . Insensitivity to Ethylene Conferred by a Dominant Mutation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Science. 1988; 241(4869):1086-9. DOI: 10.1126/science.241.4869.1086. View

17.

Lawton M, Lamb C . Transcriptional activation of plant defense genes by fungal elicitor, wounding, and infection. Mol Cell Biol. 1987; 7(1):335-41. PMC: 365073. DOI: 10.1128/mcb.7.1.335-341.1987. View

18.

Sachs T . Cellular interactions in tissue and organ development. Symp Soc Exp Biol. 1986; 40:181-210. View

19.

Dixon R, Dey P, Lamb C . Phytoalexins: enzymology and molecular biology. Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol. 1983; 55:1-136. DOI: 10.1002/9780470123010.ch1. View

20.

Breathnach R, Chambon P . Organization and expression of eucaryotic split genes coding for proteins. Annu Rev Biochem. 1981; 50:349-83. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.bi.50.070181.002025. View