Advances in Surface EMG: Recent Progress in Clinical Research Applications

This article is the second part of a larger review work that has been structured in three parts. The three parts concern a) advances in surface EMG detection and processing techniques, b) recent progress in surface EMG clinical research applications, and c) myoelectric control in neurorehabilitation. This second part concerns state of the art applications of surface EMG techniques to a) the external anal sphincter in relation to episiotomy and incontinence; b) the assessment of postural control mechanisms; c) exercise physiology, electrical stimulation and muscle cramps; and d) ergonomics and work-related neuromuscular disorders. The material is presented with an effort to fill gaps left by previous reviews and identify areas open for future research.