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Genetic Consequences of Mass Human Chemotherapy for Schistosoma Mansoni: Population Structure Pre- and Post-praziquantel Treatment in Tanzania

Overview
Journal Am J Trop Med Hyg
Specialty Tropical Medicine
Date 2010 Oct 5
PMID 20889898
Citations 45
Authors
Alice J Norton
Charlotte M Gower
Poppy H L Lamberton
Bonnie L Webster
Nicholas J S Lwambo
Lynsey Blair
Alan Fenwick
Joanne P Webster
Affiliations
Soon will be listed here.
Abstract

Recent shifts in global health policy have led to the implementation of mass drug administration (MDA) for neglected tropical diseases. Here we show how population genetic analyses can provide vital insights into the impact of such MDA on endemic parasite populations. We show that even a single round of MDA produced a genetic bottleneck with reductions in a range of measures of genetic diversity of Schistosoma mansoni. Phylogenetic analyses and indices of population differentiation indicated that schistosomes collected in the same schools in different years were more dissimilar than those from different schools collected within either of the study's 2 years, in addition to distinguishing re-infection from non-clearance (that might indicate putatively resistant parasites) from within those children infected at both baseline and follow-up. Such unique results illustrate the importance of genetic monitoring and examination of long lived multi-cellular parasites such as these under novel or increased chemotherapeutic selective pressures.

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