Clostridium Difficile Bacteremia, Taiwan

Overview

Journal Emerg Infect Dis

Specialty Infectious Diseases

Date 2010 Aug 4

PMID 20678312

Citations 18

Authors

Nan-Yao Lee

Yu-Tsung Huang

Po-Ren Hsueh

Wen-Chien Ko

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

To determine clinical characteristics and outcome of patients with Clostridium difficile bacteremia (CDB), we identified 12 patients with CDB in 2 medical centers in Taiwan; all had underlying systemic diseases. Five had gastrointestinal diseases or conditions, including pseudomembranous colitis (2 patients); 4 recalled diarrhea, but only 5 had recent exposure to antimicrobial drugs. Ten available isolates were susceptible to metronidazole and vancomycin. Five isolates had C. difficile toxin A or B. Of 5 patients who died, 3 died of CDB. Of 8 patients treated with metronidazole or vancomycin, only 1 died, and all 4 patients treated with other drugs died (12.5% vs. 100%; p = 0.01). C. difficile bacteremia, although uncommon, is thus associated with substaintial illness and death rates.

Citing Articles

Concurrent and Subsequent Co-Infections of Colitis in the Era of Gut Microbiota and Expanding Treatment Options.

Trunfio M, Scabini S, Rugge W, Bonora S, Di Perri G, Calcagno A Microorganisms. 2022; 10(7).

PMID: 35888994 PMC: 9317215. DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071275.

An Atypical Case of Monomicrobial Septicemia With No Gastrointestinal Manifestations.

Wang L, Li D, Chen Z, He L, Wang X, Tao L Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022; 12:853252.

PMID: 35433499 PMC: 9009443. DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.853252.

Polymicrobial bacteraemia with and in an elderly man following antibiotic use.

Zhang D, Cai C, Thomas D, Rosenblatt J BMJ Case Rep. 2022; 15(4).

PMID: 35387793 PMC: 8987676. DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-248844.

Proinflammatory Cytokines: Possible Accomplices for the Systemic Effects of Toxin B.

Fettucciari K, Fruganti A, Marchegiani A, Brancorsini S, Marconi P, Bassotti G J Inflamm Res. 2021; 14:57-62.

PMID: 33469335 PMC: 7810702. DOI: 10.2147/JIR.S287096.

Seeing C. diff Differently: A Case of Clostridioides difficile Bacteremia in Metastatic Melanoma.

Vasser M, Ayisire E Am J Case Rep. 2020; 21:e928169.

PMID: 33250508 PMC: 7718491. DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.928169.

References

Balzan S, de Almeida Quadros C, de Cleva R, Zilberstein B, Cecconello I . Bacterial translocation: overview of mechanisms and clinical impact. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007; 22(4):464-71. DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2007.04933.x. View

Byl B, Jacobs F, Struelens M, Thys J . Extraintestinal Clostridium difficile infections. Clin Infect Dis. 1996; 22(4):712. DOI: 10.1093/clinids/22.4.712. View

Spigaglia P, Mastrantonio P . Evaluation of repetitive element sequence-based PCR as a molecular typing method for Clostridium difficile. J Clin Microbiol. 2003; 41(6):2454-7. PMC: 156551. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.41.6.2454-2457.2003. View

Libby D, Bearman G . Bacteremia due to Clostridium difficile--review of the literature. Int J Infect Dis. 2009; 13(5):e305-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2009.01.014. View

Pietrafitta J, Deckers P . Significance of clostridial bacteremia. Am J Surg. 1982; 143(4):519-22. DOI: 10.1016/0002-9610(82)90206-9. View

Garner J, Jarvis W, Emori T, Horan T, Hughes J . CDC definitions for nosocomial infections, 1988. Am J Infect Control. 1988; 16(3):128-40. DOI: 10.1016/0196-6553(88)90053-3. View

Rampling A, Warren R, Bevan P, Hoggarth C, Swirsky D, Hayhoe F . Clostridium difficile in haematological malignancy. J Clin Pathol. 1985; 38(4):445-51. PMC: 499176. DOI: 10.1136/jcp.38.4.445. View

Charlson M, Pompei P, Ales K, MacKenzie C . A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis. 1987; 40(5):373-83. DOI: 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90171-8. View

Klaassen C, van Haren H, Horrevorts A . Molecular fingerprinting of Clostridium difficile isolates: pulsed-field gel electrophoresis versus amplified fragment length polymorphism. J Clin Microbiol. 2002; 40(1):101-4. PMC: 120100. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.40.1.101-104.2002. View

10.

Gerard M, Defresne N, Van der Auwera P, Meunier F . Polymicrobial septicemia with Clostridium difficile in acute diverticulitis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1989; 8(4):300-2. DOI: 10.1007/BF01963455. View

11.

Bone R, Balk R, Cerra F, Dellinger R, Fein A, Knaus W . Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP/SCCM Consensus Conference Committee. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine. Chest. 1992; 101(6):1644-55. DOI: 10.1378/chest.101.6.1644. View

12.

Genta V, Gilligan P, McCarthy L . Clostridium difficile peritonitis in a neonate. A case report. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1984; 108(1):82-3. View

13.

Le Gall J, Lemeshow S, Saulnier F . A new Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II) based on a European/North American multicenter study. JAMA. 1993; 270(24):2957-63. DOI: 10.1001/jama.270.24.2957. View

14.

Cid A, Juncal A, Aguilera A, Regueiro B, Gonzalez V . Clostridium difficile bacteremia in an immunocompetent child. J Clin Microbiol. 1998; 36(4):1167-8. PMC: 104717. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.36.4.1167-1168.1998. View

15.

Elliott B, Reed R, Chang B, Riley T . Bacteremia with a large clostridial toxin-negative, binary toxin-positive strain of Clostridium difficile. Anaerobe. 2009; 15(6):249-51. DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2009.08.006. View

16.

Wolf L, Gorbach S, Granowitz E . Extraintestinal Clostridium difficile: 10 years' experience at a tertiary-care hospital. Mayo Clin Proc. 1998; 73(10):943-7. DOI: 10.4065/73.10.943. View

17.

Benjamin B, Kan M, Schwartz D, Siegman-Igra Y . The possible significance of Clostridium spp. in blood cultures. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2006; 12(10):1006-12. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2006.01464.x. View

18.

Garcia-Lechuz J, Hernangomez S, Juan R, Pelaez T, Alcala L, Bouza E . Extra-intestinal infections caused by Clostridium difficile. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2001; 7(8):453-7. DOI: 10.1046/j.1469-0691.2001.00313.x. View

19.

Saginur R, Fogel R, Begin L, Cohen B, Mendelson J . Splenic abscess due to Clostridium difficile. J Infect Dis. 1983; 147(6):1105. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/147.6.1105. View

20.

Studemeister A, Beilke M, Kirmani N . Splenic abscess due to Clostridium difficile and Pseudomonas paucimobilis. Am J Gastroenterol. 1987; 82(4):389-90. View