Neuroimaging, Gut Peptides and Obesity: Novel Studies of the Neurobiology of Appetite

Overview

Journal J Neuroendocrinol

Specialty Endocrinology

Date 2010 Jun 18

PMID 20553371

Citations 17

Authors

C D Gibson

S Carnell

C N Ochner

A Geliebter

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Two major biological players in the regulation of body weight are the gut and the brain. Peptides released from the gut convey information about energy needs to areas of the brain involved in homeostatic control of food intake. There is emerging evidence that human food intake is also under the control of cortical and subcortical areas related to reward and cognition. The extent to which gut hormones influence these brain areas is not fully understood. Novel methods combining the study of neural activity and hormonal signalling promise to advance our understanding of gut-brain interactions. Here, we review a growing number of animal and human studies using neuroimaging methods (functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography) to measure brain activation in relation to nutrient loads and infusion of gut peptides. Implications for current and future pharmacological treatments for obesity are discussed.

Citing Articles

The historical progression of positron emission tomography research in neuroendocrinology.

Bini J Front Neuroendocrinol. 2023; 70:101081.

PMID: 37423505 PMC: 10530506. DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2023.101081.

Mapping brain activity of gut-brain signaling to appetite and satiety in healthy adults: A systematic review and functional neuroimaging meta-analysis.

Althubeati S, Avery A, Tench C, Lobo D, Salter A, Eldeghaidy S Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2022; 136:104603.

PMID: 35276299 PMC: 9096878. DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104603.

Psychopathological Syndromes Across Affective and Psychotic Disorders Correlate With Gray Matter Volumes.

Stein F, Meller T, Brosch K, Schmitt S, Ringwald K, Pfarr J Schizophr Bull. 2021; 47(6):1740-1750.

PMID: 33860786 PMC: 8530386. DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbab037.

Comparison of surgical versus diet-induced weight loss on appetite regulation and metabolic health outcomes.

Halliday T, Polsky S, Schoen J, Legget K, Tregellas J, Williamson K Physiol Rep. 2019; 7(7):e14048.

PMID: 30927343 PMC: 6440915. DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14048.

Chimeric peptide EP45 as a dual agonist at GLP-1 and NPY2R receptors.

Chepurny O, Bonaccorso R, Leech C, Wollert T, Langford G, Schwede F Sci Rep. 2018; 8(1):3749.

PMID: 29491394 PMC: 5830615. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22106-1.

References

Stricker-Krongrad A, Dimitrov T, Beck B . Central and peripheral dysregulation of melanin-concentrating hormone in obese Zucker rats. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2001; 92(1-2):43-8. DOI: 10.1016/s0169-328x(01)00130-9. View

Matsuda M, Liu Y, Mahankali S, Pu Y, Mahankali A, Wang J . Altered hypothalamic function in response to glucose ingestion in obese humans. Diabetes. 1999; 48(9):1801-6. DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.48.9.1801. View

Chaudhri O, Parkinson J, Kuo Y, Druce M, Herlihy A, Bell J . Differential hypothalamic neuronal activation following peripheral injection of GLP-1 and oxyntomodulin in mice detected by manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006; 350(2):298-306. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.09.033. View

Thanos P, Michaelides M, Gispert J, Pascau J, Soto-Montenegro M, Desco M . Differences in response to food stimuli in a rat model of obesity: in-vivo assessment of brain glucose metabolism. Int J Obes (Lond). 2008; 32(7):1171-9. PMC: 2667112. DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2008.50. View

Baile C, McLaughlin C, Della-Fera M . Role of cholecystokinin and opioid peptides in control of food intake. Physiol Rev. 1986; 66(1):172-234. DOI: 10.1152/physrev.1986.66.1.172. View

Svec F, Thompson H, Corll C, Porter J . Levels of hypothalamic neurotransmitters in lean and obese Zucker rats. Nutr Neurosci. 2002; 5(5):321-6. DOI: 10.1080/1028415021000033785. View

Haber S, Knutson B . The reward circuit: linking primate anatomy and human imaging. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2009; 35(1):4-26. PMC: 3055449. DOI: 10.1038/npp.2009.129. View

Korbonits M, Goldstone A, Gueorguiev M, Grossman A . Ghrelin--a hormone with multiple functions. Front Neuroendocrinol. 2004; 25(1):27-68. DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2004.03.002. View

Schusdziarra V, LAWECKI J, Ditschuneit H, Lukas B, Maier V, Pfeiffer E . Effect of low-dose somatostatin infusion on pancreatic and gastric endocrine function in lean and obese nondiabetic human subjects. Diabetes. 1985; 34(6):595-601. DOI: 10.2337/diab.34.6.595. View

10.

Tadross J, le Roux C . The mechanisms of weight loss after bariatric surgery. Int J Obes (Lond). 2009; 33 Suppl 1:S28-32. DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2009.14. View

11.

Baicy K, London E, Monterosso J, Wong M, Delibasi T, Sharma A . Leptin replacement alters brain response to food cues in genetically leptin-deficient adults. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007; 104(46):18276-9. PMC: 2084333. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0706481104. View

12.

Tentolouris N, Tsigos C, Perea D, Koukou E, Kyriaki D, Kitsou E . Differential effects of high-fat and high-carbohydrate isoenergetic meals on cardiac autonomic nervous system activity in lean and obese women. Metabolism. 2003; 52(11):1426-32. DOI: 10.1016/s0026-0495(03)00322-6. View

13.

Chaudhri O, Salem V, Murphy K, Bloom S . Gastrointestinal satiety signals. Annu Rev Physiol. 2007; 70:239-55. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.physiol.70.113006.100506. View

14.

Lammertsma A . PET/SPECT: functional imaging beyond flow. Vision Res. 2001; 41(10-11):1277-81. DOI: 10.1016/s0042-6989(00)00262-5. View

15.

Naslund E, Hellstrom P . Appetite signaling: from gut peptides and enteric nerves to brain. Physiol Behav. 2007; 92(1-2):256-62. DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.05.017. View

16.

Batterham R, Ffytche D, Rosenthal J, Zelaya F, Barker G, Withers D . PYY modulation of cortical and hypothalamic brain areas predicts feeding behaviour in humans. Nature. 2007; 450(7166):106-9. DOI: 10.1038/nature06212. View

17.

Petrovich G, Setlow B, Holland P, Gallagher M . Amygdalo-hypothalamic circuit allows learned cues to override satiety and promote eating. J Neurosci. 2002; 22(19):8748-53. PMC: 6757808. View

18.

Carnell S, Haworth C, Plomin R, Wardle J . Genetic influence on appetite in children. Int J Obes (Lond). 2008; 32(10):1468-73. DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2008.127. View

19.

Pannacciulli N, Le D, Salbe A, Chen K, Reiman E, Tataranni P . Postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) response is positively associated with changes in neuronal activity of brain areas implicated in satiety and food intake regulation in humans. Neuroimage. 2007; 35(2):511-7. PMC: 1991301. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.12.035. View

20.

Jerlhag E, Egecioglu E, Dickson S, Douhan A, Svensson L, Engel J . Ghrelin administration into tegmental areas stimulates locomotor activity and increases extracellular concentration of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens. Addict Biol. 2007; 12(1):6-16. DOI: 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2006.00041.x. View