The Negative Compatibility Effect: A Case for Self-inhibition

Overview

Journal Adv Cogn Psychol

Specialty Psychology

Date 2010 Jun 3

PMID 20517511

Citations 16

Authors

Friederike Schlaghecken

Laura Rowley

Sukhdev Sembi

Rachel Simmons

Daniel Whitcomb

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

In masked priming, a briefly presented prime stimulus is followed by a mask, which in turn is followed by the task-relevant target. Under certain conditions, negative compatibility effects (NCNCEs) occur, with impaired performance on compatible trials (where prime and target indicate the same response) relative to incompatible trials (where they indicate opposite responses). However, the exact boundary conditions of NCEs, and hence the functional significance of this effect, are still under discussion. In particular, it has been argued that the NCE might be a stimulus-specific phenomenon of little general interest. This paper presents new findings indicating that the NCE can be obtained under a wider variety of conditions, suggesting that it reflects more general processes in motor control. In addition, evidence is provided suggesting that prime identification levels in forced choice tasks - usually employed to estimate prime visibility in masked prime tasks - are affected by prior experience with the prime (Exp. 1) as well as by direct motor priming (Exp. 2 & 3).

Citing Articles

A neural habituation account of the negative compatibility effect.

Jacob L, Potter K, Huber D J Exp Psychol Gen. 2021; 150(12):2567-2590.

PMID: 34014754 PMC: 8605039. DOI: 10.1037/xge0001055.

Sustained Visual Priming Effects Can Emerge from Attentional Oscillation and Temporal Expectation.

Wang M, Huang Y, Luo H, Zhang H J Neurosci. 2020; 40(18):3657-3674.

PMID: 32253359 PMC: 7189757. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2539-19.2020.

Keute M, Stenner M, Mueller M, Zaehle T, Krauel K Front Hum Neurosci. 2019; 13:381.

PMID: 31736729 PMC: 6828612. DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00381.

Activation, Inhibition, or Something Else: An Exploratory Study on Response Priming Using Moving Dots as Primes in Middle-Aged and Old Adults.

Bermeitinger C, Kappes C J Aging Res. 2018; 2018:7432602.

PMID: 30018823 PMC: 6029502. DOI: 10.1155/2018/7432602.

Cross-modal plasticity in the deaf enhances processing of masked stimuli in the visual modality.

Prasad S, Patil G, Mishra R Sci Rep. 2017; 7(1):8158.

PMID: 28811558 PMC: 5558002. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08616-4.

References

Sumner P . Mask-induced priming and the negative compatibility effect. Exp Psychol. 2008; 55(2):133-41. DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169.55.2.133. View

Faw B . Pre-frontal executive committee for perception, working memory, attention, long-term memory, motor control, and thinking: a tutorial review. Conscious Cogn. 2003; 12(1):83-139. DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8100(02)00030-2. View

Eimer M, Schlaghecken F . Links between conscious awareness and response inhibition: evidence from masked priming. Psychon Bull Rev. 2002; 9(3):514-20. DOI: 10.3758/bf03196307. View

Schlaghecken F, Blagrove E, Maylor E . No difference between conscious and nonconscious visuomotor control: evidence from perceptual learning in the masked prime task. Conscious Cogn. 2007; 17(1):84-93. DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2006.11.004. View

Band G, Van Boxtel G . Inhibitory motor control in stop paradigms: review and reinterpretation of neural mechanisms. Acta Psychol (Amst). 1999; 101(2-3):179-211. DOI: 10.1016/s0001-6918(99)00005-0. View

Hurvich L, Jameson D . Opponent processes as a model of neural organization. Am Psychol. 1974; 29(2):88-102. DOI: 10.1037/h0035924. View

Lingnau A, Vorberg D . The time course of response inhibition in masked priming. Percept Psychophys. 2005; 67(3):545-57. DOI: 10.3758/bf03193330. View

Verleger R, Gorgen S, Jaskowski P . An ERP indicator of processing relevant gestalts in masked priming. Psychophysiology. 2005; 42(6):677-90. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2005.354.x. View

Pearson K . Common principles of motor control in vertebrates and invertebrates. Annu Rev Neurosci. 1993; 16:265-97. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.ne.16.030193.001405. View

10.

Verleger R, Jaskowski P, Aydemir A, Van der Lubbe R, Groen M . Qualitative differences between conscious and nonconscious processing? On inverse priming induced by masked arrows. J Exp Psychol Gen. 2004; 133(4):494-515. DOI: 10.1037/0096-3445.133.4.494. View

11.

Verleger R, Kotter T, Jaskowski P, Sprenger A, Siebner H . A TMS study on non-consciously triggered response tendencies in the motor cortex. Exp Brain Res. 2006; 173(1):115-29. DOI: 10.1007/s00221-006-0371-4. View

12.

Klapp S, Haas B . Nonconscious influence of masked stimuli on response selection is limited to concrete stimulus-response associations. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2005; 31(1):193-209. DOI: 10.1037/0096-1523.31.1.193. View

13.

Eimer M . Facilitatory and inhibitory effects of masked prime stimuli on motor activation and behavioural performance. Acta Psychol (Amst). 1999; 101(2-3):293-313. DOI: 10.1016/s0001-6918(99)00009-8. View

14.

Schlaghecken F, Eimer M . Active masks and active inhibition: a comment on Lleras and Enns (2004) and on Verleger, Jaskowski, Aydemir, van der Lubbe, and Groen (2004). J Exp Psychol Gen. 2006; 135(3):484-494. DOI: 10.1037/0096-3445.135.3.484. View

15.

Tsushima Y, Sasaki Y, Watanabe T . Greater disruption due to failure of inhibitory control on an ambiguous distractor. Science. 2006; 314(5806):1786-8. DOI: 10.1126/science.1133197. View

16.

Lleras A, Enns J . How much like a target can a mask be? Geometric, spatial, and temporal similarity in priming: a reply to Schlaghecken and Eimer (2006). J Exp Psychol Gen. 2006; 135(3):495-500. DOI: 10.1037/0096-3445.135.3.495. View

17.

Klapp S . Two versions of the negative compatibility effect: comment on Lleras and Enns (2004). J Exp Psychol Gen. 2005; 134(3):431-5. DOI: 10.1037/0096-3445.134.3.431. View

18.

Pribe C, Grossberg S, Cohen M . Neural control of interlimb oscillations. II. Biped and quadruped gaits and bifurcations. Biol Cybern. 1997; 77(2):141-52. DOI: 10.1007/s004220050375. View

19.

Merikle P, Joordens S, Stolz J . Measuring the relative magnitude of unconscious influences. Conscious Cogn. 1995; 4(4):422-39. DOI: 10.1006/ccog.1995.1049. View

20.

Di Lollo V, Enns J, Rensink R . Competition for consciousness among visual events: the psychophysics of reentrant visual processes. J Exp Psychol Gen. 2001; 129(4):481-507. DOI: 10.1037//0096-3445.129.4.481. View