Downregulation of Robust Acute Type I Interferon Responses Distinguishes Nonpathogenic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) Infection of Natural Hosts from Pathogenic SIV Infection of Rhesus Macaques

Overview

Journal J Virol

Publisher American Society for Microbiology

Date 2010 May 21

PMID 20484518

Citations 133

Authors

Levelle D Harris

Brian Tabb

Donald L Sodora

Mirko Paiardini

Nichole R Klatt

Daniel C Douek

Guido Silvestri

Michaela Muller-Trutwin

Ivona Vasile-Pandrea

Cristian Apetrei

Vanessa Hirsch

Jeffrey Lifson

Jason M Brenchley

Jacob D Estes

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The mechanisms underlying the AIDS resistance of natural hosts for simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) remain unknown. Recently, it was proposed that natural SIV hosts avoid disease because their plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are intrinsically unable to produce alpha interferon (IFN-alpha) in response to SIV RNA stimulation. However, here we show that (i) acute SIV infections of natural hosts are associated with a rapid and robust type I IFN response in vivo, (ii) pDCs are the principal in vivo producers of IFN-alpha/beta at peak acute infection in lymphatic tissues, and (iii) natural SIV hosts downregulate these responses in early chronic infection. In contrast, persistently high type I IFN responses are observed during pathogenic SIV infection of rhesus macaques.

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