Activation of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Pathway May Ameliorate Dextran Sodium Sulfate-induced Colitis in Mice

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) recognizes numerous small xenobiotic and natural molecules, such as dioxin and natural chemicals, and is involved in the metabolism of these compounds. AhR also has a regulatory role in inflammatory responses. This study investigated whether the activation of the AhR pathway affects dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis, an ulcerative colitis-like model, in mice. DSS-induced colitis was ameliorated by pretreatment with a potent AhR activator, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), in mice. In addition, the mice pretreated with TCDD showed increased prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in the colon, and inhibition of PGE2 production by indomethacin abrogated the inhibitory effects of TCDD on DSS-induced colitis. Collectively, the activation of the AhR pathway by TCDD may ameliorate DSS-induced colitis, at least in part, through PGE2 production.