Poly(C)-binding Proteins As Transcriptional Regulators of Gene Expression

Overview

Journal Biochem Biophys Res Commun

Publisher Elsevier

Specialty Biochemistry

Date 2009 Mar 17

PMID 19284986

Citations 64

Authors

Hack Sun Choi

Cheol Kyu Hwang

Kyu Young Song

Ping-Yee Law

Li-Na Wei

Horace H Loh

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Poly(C)-binding proteins (PCBPs) are generally known as RNA-binding proteins that interact in a sequence-specific fashion with single-stranded poly(C). They can be divided into two groups: hnRNP K and PCBP1-4. These proteins are involved mainly in various posttranscriptional regulations (e.g., mRNA stabilization or translational activation/silencing). In this review, we summarize and discuss how PCBPs act as transcriptional regulators by binding to specific elements in gene promoters that interact with the RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Transcriptional regulation of PCBPs might itself be regulated by their localization within the cell. For example, activation by p21-activated kinase 1 induces increased nuclear retention of PCBP1, as well as increased promoter activity. PCBPs can function as a signal-dependent and coordinated regulator of transcription in eukaryotic cells. We address the molecular mechanisms by which PCBPs binding to single- and double-stranded DNA mediates gene expression.

Citing Articles

The Avoidance of Purine Stretches by Cancer Mutations.

Vikhorev A, Savelev I, Polesskaya O, Rempel M, Miller R, Vetcher A Int J Mol Sci. 2024; 25(20).

PMID: 39456831 PMC: 11507618. DOI: 10.3390/ijms252011050.

Identification of differentially expressed genes of blood leukocytes for Schizophrenia.

Wang F, Fan Y, Li Y, Zhou Y, Wang X, Zhu M Front Genet. 2024; 15:1398240.

PMID: 38988837 PMC: 11233772. DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1398240.

MiR-5195-3p targets the PCBP2/PI3K/AKT pathway to inhibit melanoma cell proliferation and migration.

Yang B, Wu Y, Chen Y, Li Y, Wang J, Cha X Heliyon. 2023; 9(9):e19227.

PMID: 37662755 PMC: 10474410. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19227.

Sensing nucleotide composition in virus RNA.

Lo R, Goncalves-Carneiro D Biosci Rep. 2023; 43(9).

PMID: 37606964 PMC: 10500230. DOI: 10.1042/BSR20230372.

Involvement of the MGF 110-11L Gene in the African Swine Fever Replication and Virulence.

Tamas V, Righi C, Meszaros I, DErrico F, Olasz F, Casciari C Vaccines (Basel). 2023; 11(4).

PMID: 37112759 PMC: 10145817. DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11040846.

References

Ko J, Loh H . Single-stranded DNA-binding complex involved in transcriptional regulation of mouse mu-opioid receptor gene. J Biol Chem. 2000; 276(1):788-95. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M004279200. View

Kiledjian M, Wang X, Liebhaber S . Identification of two KH domain proteins in the alpha-globin mRNP stability complex. EMBO J. 1995; 14(17):4357-64. PMC: 394520. DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb00110.x. View

Ostareck-Lederer A, Ostareck D, Rucknagel K, Schierhorn A, Moritz B, Huttelmaier S . Asymmetric arginine dimethylation of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K by protein-arginine methyltransferase 1 inhibits its interaction with c-Src. J Biol Chem. 2006; 281(16):11115-25. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M513053200. View

Chkheidze A, Liebhaber S . A novel set of nuclear localization signals determine distributions of the alphaCP RNA-binding proteins. Mol Cell Biol. 2003; 23(23):8405-15. PMC: 262676. DOI: 10.1128/MCB.23.23.8405-8415.2003. View

Gaillard C, Cabannes E, Strauss F . Identity of the RNA-binding protein K of hnRNP particles with protein H16, a sequence-specific single strand DNA-binding protein. Nucleic Acids Res. 1994; 22(20):4183-6. PMC: 331915. DOI: 10.1093/nar/22.20.4183. View

Choi H, Song K, Hwang C, Kim C, Law P, Wei L . A proteomics approach for identification of single strand DNA-binding proteins involved in transcriptional regulation of mouse mu opioid receptor gene. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2008; 7(8):1517-29. PMC: 2494908. DOI: 10.1074/mcp.M800052-MCP200. View

Tommerup N, Leffers H . Assignment of the human genes encoding 14,3-3 Eta (YWHAH) to 22q12, 14-3-3 zeta (YWHAZ) to 2p25.1-p25.2, and 14-3-3 beta (YWHAB) to 20q13.1 by in situ hybridization. Genomics. 1996; 33(1):149-50. DOI: 10.1006/geno.1996.0176. View

Schullery D, Ostrowski J, Denisenko O, Stempka L, Shnyreva M, Suzuki H . Regulated interaction of protein kinase Cdelta with the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K protein. J Biol Chem. 1999; 274(21):15101-9. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.21.15101. View

Ritchie S, Pasha M, Batten D, Sharma R, Olson D, Ross A . Identification of the SRC pyrimidine-binding protein (SPy) as hnRNP K: implications in the regulation of SRC1A transcription. Nucleic Acids Res. 2003; 31(5):1502-13. PMC: 149839. DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkg246. View

10.

Chen Y, Zhou X, Liu N, Wang C, Zhang L, Mo W . Arginine methylation of hnRNP K enhances p53 transcriptional activity. FEBS Lett. 2008; 582(12):1761-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2008.04.051. View

11.

Blyn L, Towner J, Semler B, EHRENFELD E . Requirement of poly(rC) binding protein 2 for translation of poliovirus RNA. J Virol. 1997; 71(8):6243-6. PMC: 191892. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.71.8.6243-6246.1997. View

12.

Zhu J, Chen X . MCG10, a novel p53 target gene that encodes a KH domain RNA-binding protein, is capable of inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in G(2)-M. Mol Cell Biol. 2000; 20(15):5602-18. PMC: 86022. DOI: 10.1128/MCB.20.15.5602-5618.2000. View

13.

Pio R, Zudaire I, Pino I, Castano Z, Zabalegui N, Vicent S . Alpha CP-4, encoded by a putative tumor suppressor gene at 3p21, but not its alternative splice variant alpha CP-4a, is underexpressed in lung cancer. Cancer Res. 2004; 64(12):4171-9. DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-2982. View

14.

Lonard D, OMalley B . Nuclear receptor coregulators: judges, juries, and executioners of cellular regulation. Mol Cell. 2007; 27(5):691-700. DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2007.08.012. View

15.

Bomsztyk K, Denisenko O, Ostrowski J . hnRNP K: one protein multiple processes. Bioessays. 2004; 26(6):629-38. DOI: 10.1002/bies.20048. View

16.

Makeyev A, Chkheidze A, Liebhaber S . A set of highly conserved RNA-binding proteins, alphaCP-1 and alphaCP-2, implicated in mRNA stabilization, are coexpressed from an intronless gene and its intron-containing paralog. J Biol Chem. 1999; 274(35):24849-57. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.35.24849. View

17.

Habelhah H, Shah K, Huang L, Ostareck-Lederer A, Burlingame A, Shokat K . ERK phosphorylation drives cytoplasmic accumulation of hnRNP-K and inhibition of mRNA translation. Nat Cell Biol. 2001; 3(3):325-30. DOI: 10.1038/35060131. View

18.

Choi H, Kim C, Hwang C, Song K, Law P, Wei L . Novel function of the poly(C)-binding protein alpha CP3 as a transcriptional repressor of the mu opioid receptor gene. FASEB J. 2007; 21(14):3963-73. DOI: 10.1096/fj.07-8561com. View

19.

Thakur S, Nakamura T, Calin G, Russo A, Tamburrino J, Shimizu M . Regulation of BRCA1 transcription by specific single-stranded DNA binding factors. Mol Cell Biol. 2003; 23(11):3774-87. PMC: 155225. DOI: 10.1128/MCB.23.11.3774-3787.2003. View

20.

Malik A, Flock K, Godavarthi C, Loh H, Ko J . Molecular basis underlying the poly C binding protein 1 as a regulator of the proximal promoter of mouse mu-opioid receptor gene. Brain Res. 2006; 1112(1):33-45. DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.07.019. View