The Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO) and SUMO-conjugating System of Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii

Overview

Journal Genetics

Publisher Oxford University Press

Specialty Genetics

Date 2008 May 22

PMID 18493050

Citations 16

Authors

Ying Wang

Istvan Ladunga

Amy R Miller

Kempton M Horken

Thomas Plucinak

Donald P Weeks

Cheryl P Bailey

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The availability of the complete DNA sequence of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii genome and advanced computational biology tools has allowed elucidation and study of the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) system in this unicellular photosynthetic alga and model eukaryotic cell system. SUMO is a member of a ubiquitin-like protein superfamily that is covalently attached to target proteins as a post-translational modification to alter the localization, stability, and/or function of the target protein in response to changes in the cellular environment. Three SUMO homologs (CrSUMO96, CrSUMO97, and CrSUMO148) and three novel SUMO-related proteins (CrSUMO-like89A, CrSUMO-like89B, and CrSUMO-like90) were found by diverse gene predictions, hidden Markov models, and database search tools inferring from Homo sapiens, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Arabidopsis thaliana SUMOs. Among them, CrSUMO96, which can be recognized by the A. thaliana anti-SUMO1 antibody, was studied in detail. Free CrSUMO96 was purified by immunoprecipitation and identified by mass spectrometry analysis. A SUMO-conjugating enzyme (SCE) (E2, Ubc9) in C. reinhardtii was shown to be functional in an Escherichia coli-based in vivo chimeric SUMOylation system. Antibodies to CrSUMO96 recognized free and conjugated forms of CrSUMO96 in Western blot analysis of whole-cell extracts and nuclear localized SUMOylated proteins with in situ immunofluorescence. Western blot analysis showed a marked increase in SUMO conjugated proteins when the cells were subjected to environmental stresses, such as heat shock and osmotic stress. Related analyses revealed multiple potential ubiquitin genes along with two Rub1 genes and one Ufm1 gene in the C. reinhardtii genome.

Citing Articles

Charting the evolutionary path of the SUMO modification system in plants reveals molecular hardwiring of development to stress adaptation.

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SUMOylation of TEAD1 Modulates the Mechanism of Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy.

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Regulation of inflammation and immunity in sepsis by E3 ligases.

Shao S, Zhou D, Feng J, Liu Y, Baturuhu , Yin H Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023; 14:1124334.

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Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Acclimation of Against Nitric Oxide Stress.

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Revised annotation and extended characterizations of components of the SUMOylation system.

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