The Benefit of Docosahexanoic Acid on the Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells is Partially Dependent on Notch Regulation of MMP-2/-9
Overview
Authors
Affiliations
The Notch pathway is involved in the regulation of the migratory/proliferative phenotype acquired by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in the pro-inflammatory context of vascular diseases. Here, we investigated whether docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a polyunsaturated, omega-3 fatty acid, could reduce fibrinolytic/matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP) activity and whether this reduction occurs through the modulation of Notch signaling. Rat VSMCs were transdifferentiated with interleukin-1beta and then treated with DHA. Migration/proliferation was determined by performing a wound healing assay and measuring MMP-2/-9 activity, type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor levels, and the expression of these proteins. The involvement of Notch in regulating the fibrinolytic/MMP system was evidenced using Notch pathway inhibitors and the forced expression of Notch1 and Notch3 intracellular domains. DHA significantly decreased VSMC migration/proliferation induced by interleukin-1beta as well as fibrinolytic/MMP activity. Prevention of Notch1 target gene transcription enhanced the interleukin-1beta effects on MMPs and on migration, whereas Notch3 intracellular domain overexpression reduced these effects. Finally, DHA increased Notch3 expression, Hes-1 transcription (a Notch target gene), and enhanced gamma-secretase complex activity. These results suggest that inhibition of the Notch pathway participates in the transition of VSMCs toward a migratory phenotype. These results also suggest that the beneficial inhibitory effects of DHA on fibrinolytic/MMP activity are related in part to the effects of DHA on the expression of Notch pathway components, providing new insight into the mechanisms by which omega-3 fatty acids prevent cardiovascular diseases.
Kidder E, Gangopadhyay S, Francis S, Alfaidi M J Am Heart Assoc. 2024; 13(5):e032987.
PMID: 38390810 PMC: 10944040. DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.123.032987.
Gu J, Hou Y, Yan Y, Li J, Wei Y, Ma K World J Diabetes. 2023; 14(3):234-254.
PMID: 37035233 PMC: 10075034. DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i3.234.
Development of Neovasculature in Axially Vascularized Calcium Phosphate Cement Scaffolds.
Ouhaddi Y, Charbonnier B, Porge J, Zhang Y, Garcia I, Gbureck U J Funct Biomater. 2023; 14(2).
PMID: 36826904 PMC: 9966587. DOI: 10.3390/jfb14020105.
Perumal N, Herfurth A, Pfeiffer N, Manicam C Cells. 2022; 11(21).
PMID: 36359890 PMC: 9658563. DOI: 10.3390/cells11213494.
Taile J, Bringart M, Planesse C, Patche J, Rondeau P, Veeren B Antioxidants (Basel). 2022; 11(5).
PMID: 35624723 PMC: 9138119. DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050858.