Dynamic Aspect of Reactive Oxygen and Nitric Oxide in Oral Cavity

Overview

Journal J Clin Biochem Nutr

Specialty Biochemistry

Date 2008 Jan 31

PMID 18231624

Citations 14

Authors

Eisuke F Sato

Tina Choudhury

Tomoko Nishikawa

Masayasu Inoue

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Oral mucosa is a critical protective interface between external and internal environments. Therefore, it must serve as a barrier to a huge number of microbial species present in the environment. Saliva is an important factor that provides for the environment in the oral cavity, and it is indispensable to the host defense reaction in this manner. Oral neutrophils are also important contributors to maintaining the balance between health and disease in this complex environment. These produce reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and several antimicrobial peptides, and enzymes. Neutrophils and saliva all contribute to the maintaining the health of the oral cavity in overlapping but independent ways. In addition to production by neutrophils and macrophage, some bacteria can also generate superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide. Dietary intake of nitrate-enriched vegetables might play important roles in the protection of the oral and stomach against hazardous pathogens via the gastro-intestinal-salivary cycle of nitric oxide (NO) and related metabolites. This review will focus on defense system of the human oral cavity and metabolism of reactive oxygen and NO.

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