Evaluation of Periodontal Status in Young Patients with Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus (type 1)

Purpose: The aim of the study was to value periodontal status in young persons with well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).

Material And Methods: We examined 50 young people with IDDM (25 girls and 25 boys) and 50 healthy subjects (25 girls and 25 boys). Mean age of examined persons was about 14 years. We investigated gingival indexes: GI (Gingival Index) and PBI (Papillary Bleeding Index) and periodontal indexes: PI (Periodontal Index) and PDI (Periodontal Disease Index). The results were statistically analysed, and significant differences we observed for p < 0.05.

Results: The mean scores of Gingival Index and Papillary Bleeding Index were lower in healthy subjects but differences were not statistically significant. Only maximum scores of these indexes were significantly higher in diabetics. The mean and maximum values of Periodontal Index were significantly higher in patients with IDDM. We did not notice differences between mean scores of PDI in both examined groups. Analysis of maximum values of Periodontal Disease Index reveals higher level in diabetic girls than in female controls.

Conclusions: IDDM patients may be at risk of periodontal diseases. Well-controlling insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus may be important for periodontal tissues status and prophylaxis of periodontal diseases.