Application of Lectin and B-lymphocyte-specific Monoclonal Antibodies for the Demonstration of Human Microglia in Formalin-fixed, Paraffin-embedded Brain Tissue

Overview

Journal Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol

Specialty Anatomy & Histology

Date 1991 Jan 1

PMID 1719695

Citations 4

Authors

A Sasaki

Y Nakanishi

Y Nakazato

H Yamaguchi

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

To evaluate the usefulness of microglial markers for routine neuropathological material, we studied formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human brain tissue with the immunoperoxidase method using the lectin Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA-1) and four monoclonal antibodies (LN-1, LN-2, LN-3, anti-HLA-DR/alpha). RCA-1 stained resting microglia, but the staining intensity was mostly weak. LN-1 also stained resting microglia in paraffin sections first treated with protease. In contrast to LN-1, RCA-1 stained blood vessels heavily. LN-1 stained resting microglia more markedly than RCA-1 in brains fixed for a prolonged period of time. However, LN-1 recognized a small number of astrocytes in routine paraffin sections. LN-3 reactivity was detected on a few resting microglia, but was intensely expressed on large numbers of reactive microglia in many neurological diseases. Both LN-2 and anti-HLA-DR/alpha labelled microglia, but the reactions were inconsistent. This study suggests that the monoclonal antibodies LN-1 and LN-3 are useful for the demonstration of microglia in paraffin sections, and a combination of these antibodies and the antibody to glial fibrillary acidic protein is recommended in attempting to identify microglia.

Citing Articles

Subventricular zone neural progenitors from rapid brain autopsies of elderly subjects with and without neurodegenerative disease.

Leonard B, Mastroeni D, Grover A, Liu Q, Yang K, Gao M J Comp Neurol. 2009; 515(3):269-94.

PMID: 19425077 PMC: 2757160. DOI: 10.1002/cne.22040.

Immunohistochemical study of microglia in the Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseased brain.

Sasaki A, Hirato J, Nakazato Y Acta Neuropathol. 1993; 86(4):337-44.

PMID: 8256583 DOI: 10.1007/BF00369445.

Chronic encephalitis associated with epilepsy: immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies.

Farrell M, Droogan O, Secor D, Poukens V, Quinn B, Vinters H Acta Neuropathol. 1995; 89(4):313-21.

PMID: 7610762 DOI: 10.1007/BF00309624.

Ki-M1P as a marker for microglia and brain macrophages in routinely processed human tissues.

Paulus W, Roggendorf W, Kirchner T Acta Neuropathol. 1992; 84(5):538-44.

PMID: 1462766 DOI: 10.1007/BF00304473.

References

Perry V, Hume D, Gordon S . Immunohistochemical localization of macrophages and microglia in the adult and developing mouse brain. Neuroscience. 1985; 15(2):313-26. DOI: 10.1016/0306-4522(85)90215-5. View

Giulian D, Young D, Woodward J, Brown D, Lachman L . Interleukin-1 is an astroglial growth factor in the developing brain. J Neurosci. 1988; 8(2):709-14. PMC: 6569312. View

Price R, Brew B, Sidtis J, Rosenblum M, Scheck A, Cleary P . The brain in AIDS: central nervous system HIV-1 infection and AIDS dementia complex. Science. 1988; 239(4840):586-92. DOI: 10.1126/science.3277272. View

Michaels J, Price R, Rosenblum M . Microglia in the giant cell encephalitis of acquired immune deficiency syndrome: proliferation, infection and fusion. Acta Neuropathol. 1988; 76(4):373-9. DOI: 10.1007/BF00686974. View

Oehmichen M, Wietholter H, Greaves M . Immunological analysis of human microglia: lack of monocytic and lymphoid membrane differentiation antigens. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1979; 38(2):99-103. DOI: 10.1097/00005072-197903000-00002. View

Vazeux R, Brousse N, Jarry A, Henin D, Marche C, VEDRENNE C . AIDS subacute encephalitis. Identification of HIV-infected cells. Am J Pathol. 1987; 126(3):403-10. PMC: 1899654. View

McGeer P, Itagaki S, McGeer E . Expression of the histocompatibility glycoprotein HLA-DR in neurological disease. Acta Neuropathol. 1988; 76(6):550-7. DOI: 10.1007/BF00689592. View

Streit W, Graeber M, Kreutzberg G . Functional plasticity of microglia: a review. Glia. 1988; 1(5):301-7. DOI: 10.1002/glia.440010502. View

Dickson D, Mattiace L . Astrocytes and microglia in human brain share an epitope recognized by a B-lymphocyte-specific monoclonal antibody (LN-1). Am J Pathol. 1989; 135(1):135-47. PMC: 1880225. View

10.

Sminia T, de Groot C, Dijkstra C, Koetsier J, Polman C . Macrophages in the central nervous system of the rat. Immunobiology. 1987; 174(1):43-50. DOI: 10.1016/S0171-2985(87)80083-9. View

11.

Nakazato Y, Ishizeki J, Takahashi K, Yamaguchi H, Kamei T, Mori T . Localization of S-100 protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein-related antigen in pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary glands. Lab Invest. 1982; 46(6):621-6. View

12.

Miles J, Chou S . A new immunoperoxidase marker for microglia in paraffin section. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1988; 47(6):579-87. DOI: 10.1097/00005072-198811000-00001. View

13.

Hayes G, Woodroofe M, Cuzner M . Microglia are the major cell type expressing MHC class II in human white matter. J Neurol Sci. 1987; 80(1):25-37. DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(87)90218-8. View

14.

Koch N, Wong G, Schrader J . Ia antigens and associated invariant chain are induced simultaneously in lines of T-dependent mast cells by recombinant interferon-gamma. J Immunol. 1984; 132(3):1361-9. View

15.

Epstein A, Marder R, Winter J, Fox R . Two new monoclonal antibodies (LN-1, LN-2) reactive in B5 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues with follicular center and mantle zone human B lymphocytes and derived tumors. J Immunol. 1984; 133(2):1028-36. View

16.

Giulian D, Baker T, Shih L, Lachman L . Interleukin 1 of the central nervous system is produced by ameboid microglia. J Exp Med. 1986; 164(2):594-604. PMC: 2188228. DOI: 10.1084/jem.164.2.594. View

17.

Miyake T, Tsuchihashi Y, Kitamura T, Fujita S . Immunohistochemical studies of blood monocytes infiltrating into the neonatal rat brain. Acta Neuropathol. 1984; 62(4):291-7. DOI: 10.1007/BF00687611. View

18.

Szumanska G, Vorbrodt A, Mandybur T, Wisniewski H . Lectin histochemistry of plaques and tangles in Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neuropathol. 1987; 73(1):1-11. DOI: 10.1007/BF00695495. View

19.

UNANUE E, Allen P . Comment on the finding of Ia expression in nonlymphoid cells. Lab Invest. 1986; 55(2):123-5. View

20.

Suzuki H, Franz H, Yamamoto T, Iwasaki Y, Konno H . Identification of the normal microglial population in human and rodent nervous tissue using lectin-histochemistry. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 1988; 14(3):221-7. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.1988.tb00883.x. View