Fatty Acid Synthesis in Endosperm of Young Castor Bean Seedlings

Overview

Journal Plant Physiol

Specialty Physiology

Date 1978 Aug 1

PMID 16660480

Citations 17

Authors

B Vick

H Beevers

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Enzyme assays on organelles isolated from the endosperm of germinating castor bean (Ricinus communis) by sucrose density gradient centrifugation showed that fatty acid synthesis from [(14)C]malonyl-CoA was localized exclusively in the plastids. The optimum pH was 7.7 and the products was mainly free palmitic and oleic acids. Both NADH and NADPH were required as reductants for maximum activity. Acetyl-CoA, and acyl-carrier protein from Escherichia coli increased the rate of fatty acid synthesis, while low O(2) levels suppressed synthesis. In the absence of NADPH or at low O(2) concentration, stearic acid became a major product at the expense of oleic acid. Fatty acid synthesis activity was highest during the first 3 days of germination, preceding the maximum development of mitochondria and glyoxysomes. It is proposed that the plastids are the source of fatty acids incorporated into the membranes of developing organelles.

Citing Articles

Mapping the castor bean endosperm proteome revealed a metabolic interaction between plastid, mitochondria, and peroxisomes to optimize seedling growth.

Wrobel T, Brilhaus D, Stefanski A, Stuhler K, Weber A, Linka N Front Plant Sci. 2023; 14:1182105.

PMID: 37868318 PMC: 10588648. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1182105.

Inhibition of carotenoid biosynthesis by the herbicide SAN 9789 and its consequences for the action of phytochrome on plastogenesis.

Frosch S, Jabben M, Bergfeld R, Kleinig H, Mohr H Planta. 2013; 145(5):497-505.

PMID: 24317867 DOI: 10.1007/BF00380105.

Intracellular distribution of enzymes associated with nitrogen assimilation in roots.

Suzuki A, Gadal P, Oaks A Planta. 2013; 151(5):457-61.

PMID: 24302111 DOI: 10.1007/BF00386539.

Fatty-acid synthesis in plastids from maturing safflower and linseed cotyledons.

Browse J, Slack C Planta. 2013; 166(1):74-80.

PMID: 24241314 DOI: 10.1007/BF00397388.

Characterization of Fatty Acid biosynthesis in isolated pea root plastids.

Stahl R, Sparace S Plant Physiol. 1991; 96(2):602-8.

PMID: 16668228 PMC: 1080813. DOI: 10.1104/pp.96.2.602.

References

Gerhardt B, Beevers H . Influence of sucrose on protein determination by the Lowry procedure. Anal Biochem. 1968; 24(2):337-9. DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(68)90187-5. View

Drennan C, Canvin D . Oleic acid synthesis by a particulate preparation from developing castor oil seeds. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1969; 187(2):193-200. DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(69)90027-7. View

Hutton D, Stumpf P . Fat Metabolism in Higher Plants. XXXVII. Characterization of the beta-Oxidation Systems From Maturing and Germinating Castor Bean Seeds. Plant Physiol. 1969; 44(4):508-16. PMC: 396118. DOI: 10.1104/pp.44.4.508. View

Simcox P, REID E, Canvin D, Dennis D . Enzymes of the Glycolytic and Pentose Phosphate Pathways in Proplastids from the Developing Endosperm of Ricinus communis L. Plant Physiol. 1977; 59(6):1128-32. PMC: 542520. DOI: 10.1104/pp.59.6.1128. View

Vijay I, Stumpf P . Fat metabolism in higher plants. XLVI. Nature of the substrate and the product of oleyl coenzyme A desaturase from Carthamus tinctorius. J Biol Chem. 1971; 246(9):2910-7. View

Lord J, Kagawa T, Beevers H . Intracellular distribution of enzymes of the cytidine diphosphate choline pathway in castor bean endosperm. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972; 69(9):2429-32. PMC: 426957. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.69.9.2429. View

RACKER E . Spectrophotometric measurements of the enzymatic formation of fumaric and cis-aconitic acids. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1950; 4(1-3):211-4. DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(50)90026-6. View

Yamada M, Stumpf P . Fat metabolism in higher plants. XXIV. A soluble beta-oxidative system from germinating seeds of Ricinus communis. Plant Physiol. 1965; 40(4):653-8. PMC: 550356. DOI: 10.1104/pp.40.4.653. View

Mancha M, Stokes G, Stumpf P . Fat metabolism in higher plants. The determination of acyl-acyl carrier protein and acyl coenzyme A in a complex lipid mixture 1,2. Anal Biochem. 1975; 68(2):600-8. DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(75)90655-7. View

10.

REID E, Thompson P, Lyttle C, Dennis D . Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex from higher plant mitochondria and proplastids. Plant Physiol. 1977; 59(5):842-8. PMC: 543307. DOI: 10.1104/pp.59.5.842. View

11.

Donaldson R, Beevers H . Lipid composition of organelles from germinating castor bean endosperm. Plant Physiol. 1977; 59(2):259-63. PMC: 542377. DOI: 10.1104/pp.59.2.259. View

12.

Moore T . Phosphatidylglycerol synthesis in castor bean endosperm: kinetics, requirements, and intracellular localization. Plant Physiol. 1974; 54(2):164-8. PMC: 541523. DOI: 10.1104/pp.54.2.164. View

13.

Cooper T, Beevers H . Beta oxidation in glyoxysomes from castor bean endosperm. J Biol Chem. 1969; 244(13):3514-20. View

14.

Moore T . Phosphatidylcholine synthesis in castor bean endosperm. Plant Physiol. 1976; 57(3):382-6. PMC: 542030. DOI: 10.1104/pp.57.3.382. View

15.

Moore T, Lord J, Kagawa T, Beevers H . Enzymes of phospholipid metabolism in the endoplasmic reticulum of castor bean endosperm. Plant Physiol. 1973; 52(1):50-3. PMC: 366436. DOI: 10.1104/pp.52.1.50. View

16.

Bowden L, Lord J . Development of phospholipid synthesizing enzymes in castor bean endosperm. FEBS Lett. 1975; 49(3):369-71. DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(75)80787-3. View

17.

Donaldson R . Membrane lipid metabolism in germinating castor bean endosperm. Plant Physiol. 1976; 57(4):510-5. PMC: 542062. DOI: 10.1104/pp.57.4.510. View

18.

Benedict C . The presence of ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase in the nonphotosynthetic endosperm of germinating castor beans. Plant Physiol. 1973; 51(4):755-9. PMC: 366340. DOI: 10.1104/pp.51.4.755. View

19.

Vigil E . Cytochemical and developmental changes in microbodies (glyoxysomes) and related organelles of castor bean endosperm. J Cell Biol. 1970; 46(3):435-54. PMC: 2107873. DOI: 10.1083/jcb.46.3.435. View