Receptor-mediated Glutamate Release from Volume Sensitive Channels in Astrocytes

Overview

Journal Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Specialty Science

Date 2005 Oct 29

PMID 16254051

Citations 96

Authors

Takahiro Takano

Jian Kang

Jyoti K Jaiswal

Sanford M Simon

Jane H-C Lin

Yufei Yu

Yuxing Li

Jay Yang

Gerald Dienel

H Ronald Zielke

Maiken Nedergaard

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Several lines of work have shown that astrocytes release glutamate in response to receptor activation, which results in a modulation of local synaptic activity. Astrocytic glutamate release is Ca(2+)-dependent and occurs in conjunction with exocytosis of glutamate containing vesicles. However, astrocytes contain a millimolar concentration of cytosolic glutamate and express channels permeable to small anions, such as glutamate. Here, we tested the idea that astrocytes respond to receptor stimulation by dynamic changes in cell volume, resulting in volume-sensitive channel activation, and efflux of cytosolic glutamate. Confocal imaging and whole-cell recordings demonstrated that astrocytes exhibited a transient Ca(2+)-dependent cell volume increase, which activated glutamate permeable channels. HPLC analysis revealed that glutamate was released in conjunction with other amino acid osmolytes. Our observations indicate that volume-sensitive channel may constitute a previously uncharacterized target for modulation of astrocyte-neuronal interactions.

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