Kidney Stone Disease

Overview

Journal J Clin Invest

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2005 Oct 4

PMID 16200192

Citations 235

Authors

Fredric L Coe

Andrew Evan

Elaine Worcester

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

About 5% of American women and 12% of men will develop a kidney stone at some time in their life, and prevalence has been rising in both sexes. Approximately 80% of stones are composed of calcium oxalate (CaOx) and calcium phosphate (CaP); 10% of struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate produced during infection with bacteria that possess the enzyme urease), 9% of uric acid (UA); and the remaining 1% are composed of cystine or ammonium acid urate or are diagnosed as drug-related stones. Stones ultimately arise because of an unwanted phase change of these substances from liquid to solid state. Here we focus on the mechanisms of pathogenesis involved in CaOx, CaP, UA, and cystine stone formation, including recent developments in our understanding of related changes in human kidney tissue and of underlying genetic causes, in addition to current therapeutics.

Citing Articles

Environmental determinants in the development of kidney stone.

Dong C, Yang Y, Cheng B, Yang S, Wang Y Urolithiasis. 2025; 53(1):43.

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Self-control study of multi-omics in identification of microenvironment characteristics in calcium oxalate kidney stones.

Xu S, Liu Z, Zhang T, Li B, Cao Y, Wang X BMC Nephrol. 2025; 26(1):104.

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Advances in the mechanism of urinary proteins in calcium oxalate kidney stone formation.

Shi M, Su X, Xiang H, Song Q, Yang S Urolithiasis. 2025; 53(1):27.

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CHAC1 Mediates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Dependent Ferroptosis in Calcium Oxalate Kidney Stone Formation.

Dong C, He Z, Liao W, Jiang Q, Song C, Song Q Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025; 12(10):e2403992.

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Associations between dietary fatty acids and kidney stones.

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