Effect of Maillard Reaction on Allergenicity of Scallop Tropomyosin

Scallop tropomyosin (TM), the major allergen of shellfish, was prepared from adductor muscles and reacted with four reducing sugars to investigate the effect of the Maillard reaction on the allergenicity of TM. The IgE-binding ability of TM increased significantly with the progress of the reaction with glucose, ribose, and maltose, but not with maltotriose. The allergenicity was enhanced at the early stage of the Maillard reaction, and the trend of the effect depended on the type of reducing sugar used. 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid treatment of the lysine residues in TM showed that the protein surface charge resulting from the Maillard reaction had no effect on the enhancement of the allergenicity. Thus, the change in the allergenicity would be closely related to the structural change caused by the Maillard reaction.