In Vivo HP1 Targeting Causes Large-scale Chromatin Condensation and Enhanced Histone Lysine Methylation

Overview

Journal Mol Cell Biol

Specialty Cell Biology

Date 2005 May 19

PMID 15899859

Citations 88

Authors

Pernette J Verschure

Ineke van der Kraan

Wim de Leeuw

Johan van der Vlag

Anne E Carpenter

Andrew S Belmont

Roel van Driel

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Changes in chromatin structure are a key aspect in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. We have used a lac operator array system to visualize by light microscopy the effect of heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) alpha (HP1alpha) and HP1beta on large-scale chromatin structure in living mammalian cells. The structure of HP1, containing a chromodomain, a chromoshadow domain, and a hinge domain, allows it to bind to a variety of proteins. In vivo targeting of an enhanced green fluorescent protein-tagged HP1-lac repressor fusion to a lac operator-containing, gene-amplified chromosome region causes local condensation of the higher-order chromatin structure, recruitment of the histone methyltransferase SETDB1, and enhanced trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 9. Polycomb group proteins of both the HPC/HPH and the EED/EZH2 complexes, which are involved in the heritable repression of gene activity, are not recruited to the amplified chromosome region by HP1alpha and HP1beta in vivo targeting. HP1alpha targeting causes the recruitment of endogenous HP1beta to the chromatin region and vice versa, indicating a direct interaction between the two HP1 homologous proteins. Our findings indicate that HP1alpha and HP1beta targeting is sufficient to induce heterochromatin formation.

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