Atomoxetine: a New Pharmacotherapeutic Approach in the Management of Attention Deficit/hyperactivity Disorder

Overview

Journal Arch Dis Child

Specialty Pediatrics

Date 2005 Jan 25

PMID 15665154

Citations 18

Authors

J Barton

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Atomoxetine is a novel, non-stimulant, highly selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor that has been studied for use in the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Data from clinical trials show it to be well tolerated and effective in the treatment of ADHD in children, adolescents, and adults. Improvements were seen not only in core symptoms of ADHD, but also in broader social and family functioning and self esteem. Once-daily dosing of atomoxetine has been shown to be effective in providing continuous symptom relief. Atomoxetine does not appear to have abuse potential and is associated with a benign side effect profile. The development of atomoxetine thus represents an important advance in the pharmacological management of ADHD.

Citing Articles

Withdrawal Dyskinesia Associated With Aripiprazole in a Child: A Case Report.

Nishijima H, Nishijima M, Oyama C, Tomiyama M Cureus. 2024; 16(7):e65223.

PMID: 39184787 PMC: 11341767. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.65223.

Viloxazine for the Treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Robinson C, Parker K, Kataria S, Downs E, Supra R, Kaye A Health Psychol Res. 2022; 10(3):38360.

PMID: 36168642 PMC: 9501833. DOI: 10.52965/001c.38360.

Current Pharmacological Treatments for ADHD.

Groom M, Cortese S Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2022; 57:19-50.

PMID: 35507282 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2022_330.

Atomoxetine Does Not Improve Complex Attention in Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease Patients with Cognitive Deficits: A Meta-Analysis.

Ghosh A, Das S, Behera S, Ramakrishnan K, Selvarajan S, Kandasamy P Parkinsons Dis. 2020; 2020:4853590.

PMID: 32211146 PMC: 7049416. DOI: 10.1155/2020/4853590.

Atomoxetine improves memory and other components of executive function in young-adult rats and aged rhesus monkeys.

Callahan P, Plagenhoef M, Blake D, Terry Jr A Neuropharmacology. 2019; 155:65-75.

PMID: 31108108 PMC: 6839761. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.05.016.

References

Michelson D, Adler L, Spencer T, Reimherr F, West S, Allen A . Atomoxetine in adults with ADHD: two randomized, placebo-controlled studies. Biol Psychiatry. 2003; 53(2):112-20. DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01671-2. View

Spencer T, Heiligenstein J, Biederman J, Faries D, Kratochvil C, Keith Conners C . Results from 2 proof-of-concept, placebo-controlled studies of atomoxetine in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2003; 63(12):1140-7. DOI: 10.4088/jcp.v63n1209. View

Kratochvil C, Vaughan B, Harrington M, Burke W . Atomoxetine: a selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2003; 4(7):1165-74. DOI: 10.1517/14656566.4.7.1165. View

Wernicke J, Faries D, Girod D, Brown J, Gao H, Kelsey D . Cardiovascular effects of atomoxetine in children, adolescents, and adults. Drug Saf. 2003; 26(10):729-40. DOI: 10.2165/00002018-200326100-00006. View

Wernicke J, Adler L, Spencer T, West S, Allen A, Heiligenstein J . Changes in symptoms and adverse events after discontinuation of atomoxetine in children and adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a prospective, placebo-controlled assessment. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2004; 24(1):30-5. DOI: 10.1097/01.jcp.0000104907.75206.c2. View

Sauer J, Long A, Ring B, Gillespie J, Sanburn N, DeSante K . Atomoxetine hydrochloride: clinical drug-drug interaction prediction and outcome. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003; 308(2):410-8. DOI: 10.1124/jpet.103.058727. View

Hamilton M . Development of a rating scale for primary depressive illness. Br J Soc Clin Psychol. 1967; 6(4):278-96. DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1967.tb00530.x. View

Wender P, Reimherr F, Wood D, Ward M . A controlled study of methylphenidate in the treatment of attention deficit disorder, residual type, in adults. Am J Psychiatry. 1985; 142(5):547-52. DOI: 10.1176/ajp.142.5.547. View

Taylor E, Chadwick O, Heptinstall E, Danckaerts M . Hyperactivity and conduct problems as risk factors for adolescent development. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1996; 35(9):1213-26. DOI: 10.1097/00004583-199609000-00019. View

10.

Spencer T, Biederman J, Wilens T, Harding M, ODonnell D, Griffin S . Pharmacotherapy of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder across the life cycle. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1996; 35(4):409-32. DOI: 10.1097/00004583-199604000-00008. View

11.

Mannuzza S, Klein R, Bessler A, Malloy P, LaPadula M . Adult psychiatric status of hyperactive boys grown up. Am J Psychiatry. 1998; 155(4):493-8. DOI: 10.1176/ajp.155.4.493. View

12.

Spencer T, Biederman J, Wilens T, Prince J, Hatch M, Jones J . Effectiveness and tolerability of tomoxetine in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1998; 155(5):693-5. DOI: 10.1176/ajp.155.5.693. View

13.

Conners C, Sitarenios G, Parker J, Epstein J . The revised Conners' Parent Rating Scale (CPRS-R): factor structure, reliability, and criterion validity. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1998; 26(4):257-68. DOI: 10.1023/a:1022602400621. View

14.

Faraone S, Biederman J . Neurobiology of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 1998; 44(10):951-8. DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00240-6. View

15.

Hamilton M . The assessment of anxiety states by rating. Br J Med Psychol. 1959; 32(1):50-5. DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1959.tb00467.x. View

16.

Beck A, Ward C, Mendelson M, Mock J, ERBAUGH J . An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1961; 4:561-71. DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004. View

17.

Conners C . Clinical use of rating scales in diagnosis and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Pediatr Clin North Am. 1999; 46(5):857-70, vi. DOI: 10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70159-0. View

18.

Swanson J, Kraemer H, Hinshaw S, Arnold L, Conners C, Abikoff H . Clinical relevance of the primary findings of the MTA: success rates based on severity of ADHD and ODD symptoms at the end of treatment. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001; 40(2):168-79. DOI: 10.1097/00004583-200102000-00011. View

19.

Finkelstein J, Davis R, Dowell S, Metlay J, Soumerai S, Rifas-Shiman S . Reducing antibiotic use in children: a randomized trial in 12 practices. Pediatrics. 2001; 108(1):1-7. DOI: 10.1542/peds.108.1.1. View

20.

Kratochvil C, Bohac D, Harrington M, Baker N, May D, BURKE W . An open-label trial of tomoxetine in pediatric attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2001; 11(2):167-70. DOI: 10.1089/104454601750284072. View