The Immunoregulatory and Allergy-associated Cytokines in the Aetiology of the Otitis Media with Effusion

Overview

Journal Mediators Inflamm

Publisher Wiley

Specialties Biochemistry
Pathology

Date 2004 Jun 19

PMID 15203548

Citations 19

Authors

Marina G Smirnova

John P Birchall

Jeffrey P Pearson

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Inflammation in the middle ear mucosa, which can be provoked by different primary factors such as bacterial and viral infection, local allergic reactions and reflux, is the crucial event in the pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion (OME). Unresolved acute inflammatory responses or defective immunoregulation of middle inflammation can promote chronic inflammatory processes and stimulate the chronic condition of OME. Cytokines are the central molecular regulators of middle ear inflammation and can switch the acute phase of inflammation in the chronic stage and induce molecular-pathological processes leading to the histopathological changes accompanying OME. In this review we present cytokines identified in otitis media, immunoregulatory [interleukin (IL)-2, IL-10, transforming growth factor-beta]) and allergy associated (IL-4, IL-5, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor), as crucial molecular regulators, responsible for chronic inflammation in the middle ear and the chronic condition of OME.

Citing Articles

Causal relationship between allergic rhinitis and otitis media: A Mendelian randomization study.

Wang F, Yu C, Liu R Medicine (Baltimore). 2024; 103(39):e39671.

PMID: 39331880 PMC: 11441937. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000039671.

Co-occurrence of otitis media with effusion and another environment-dependent disease (selected allergic conditions).

Wojas O, Krzych-Falta E, Furmanczyk K, Dziewa-Dawidczyk D, Samolinski B, Samel-Kowalik P Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2024; 41(1):78-84.

PMID: 38533367 PMC: 10962365. DOI: 10.5114/ada.2023.135602.

Allergy in pathogenesis of Eustachian Tube Dysfunction.

Yu X, Zhang H, Zong S, Xiao H World Allergy Organ J. 2024; 17(1):100860.

PMID: 38274710 PMC: 10809091. DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2023.100860.

Establishment of novel immortalized middle ear cell lines as models for otitis media.

Blaine-Sauer S, Samuels T, Khampang P, Yan K, McCormick M, Chun R Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol. 2023; 8(5):1428-1435.

PMID: 37899851 PMC: 10601576. DOI: 10.1002/lio2.1141.

Antiallergic Effects of Extract In Vitro and in an In Vivo Atopic Dermatitis Model.

Choi W, Lee H, Manilack P, Saysavanh V, Lee B, Lee S Plants (Basel). 2023; 12(4).

PMID: 36840208 PMC: 9959980. DOI: 10.3390/plants12040860.

References

Melhus A . Effects of amoxicillin on the expression of cytokines during experimental acute otitis media caused by non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2001; 48(3):397-402. DOI: 10.1093/jac/48.3.397. View

Morpeth J, BENT J, Watson T . A comparison of cortisporin and ciprofloxacin otic drops as prophylaxis against post-tympanostomy otorrhea. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2001; 61(2):99-104. DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5876(01)00552-3. View

Jyonouchi H, Sun S, Le H, Rimell F . Evidence of dysregulated cytokine production by sinus lavage and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with treatment-resistant chronic rhinosinusitis. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2001; 127(12):1488-94. DOI: 10.1001/archotol.127.12.1488. View

Chung M, Choi J, Lee W, Kim H, Yoon J . Compositional difference in middle ear effusion: mucous versus serous. Laryngoscope. 2002; 112(1):152-5. DOI: 10.1097/00005537-200201000-00027. View

Tasker A, Dettmar P, Panetti M, Koufman J, Birchall J, Pearson J . Reflux of gastric juice and glue ear in children. Lancet. 2002; 359(9305):493. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07665-1. View

Smirnova M, Birchall J, Pearson J . In vitro study of IL-8 and goblet cells: possible role of IL-8 in the aetiology of otitis media with effusion. Acta Otolaryngol. 2002; 122(2):146-52. DOI: 10.1080/00016480252814144. View

Jeong H, Hong S, Kim S, Park E, Jang C, Kim K . Effects of Allergina on the treatment of otitis media with effusions. Inflammation. 2002; 26(2):89-95. DOI: 10.1023/a:1014888328482. View

Tos M, Caye-Thomasen P . Mucous glands in the middle ear - what is known and what is not. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2002; 64(2):86-94. DOI: 10.1159/000057786. View

Marchisio P, Cavagna R, Maspes B, Gironi S, Esposito S, Lambertini L . Efficacy of intranasal virosomal influenza vaccine in the prevention of recurrent acute otitis media in children. Clin Infect Dis. 2002; 35(2):168-74. DOI: 10.1086/341028. View

10.

Smirnova M, Kiselev S, Gnuchev N, Birchall J, Pearson J . Role of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 in the pathogenesis of the otitis media with effusion. Eur Cytokine Netw. 2002; 13(2):161-72. View

11.

Sobol S, Taha R, Schloss M, Mazer B, Manoukian J, Tewfik T . T(H)2 cytokine expression in atopic children with otitis media with effusion. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2002; 110(1):125-30. DOI: 10.1067/mai.2002.125697. View

12.

Seong J, Koo J, Lee W, Kim H, Park J, Song K . Upregulation of MUC8 and downregulation of MUC5AC by inflammatory mediators in human nasal polyps and cultured nasal epithelium. Acta Otolaryngol. 2002; 122(4):401-7. DOI: 10.1080/00016480260000094. View

13.

Pollock H, Ebert C, Dubin M, White D, Prazma J, Pillsbury 3rd H . The role of soluble interleukin-4 receptor and interleukin-5 antibody in preventing late-phase allergy-induced eustachian tube dysfunction. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2002; 127(3):169-76. DOI: 10.1067/mhn.2002.126901. View

14.

Hebda P, Piltcher O, Swarts J, Alper C, Zeevi A, Doyle W . Cytokine profiles in a rat model of otitis media with effusion caused by eustachian tube obstruction with and without Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. Laryngoscope. 2002; 112(9):1657-62. DOI: 10.1097/00005537-200209000-00024. View

15.

Jang C, Kim Y . Characterization of cytokines present in pediatric otitis media with effusion: comparison of allergy positive and negative. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2002; 66(1):37-40. DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5876(02)00185-4. View

16.

Poelmans J, Tack J, Feenstra L . Prospective study on the incidence of chronic ear complaints related to gastroesophageal reflux and on the outcome of antireflux therapy. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2002; 111(10):933-8. DOI: 10.1177/000348940211101013. View

17.

Tasker A, Dettmar P, Panetti M, Koufman J, Birchall J, Pearson J . Is gastric reflux a cause of otitis media with effusion in children?. Laryngoscope. 2002; 112(11):1930-4. DOI: 10.1097/00005537-200211000-00004. View

18.

Kilic R, Safak M, Ozdek A, Gocmen H, Kilic D, Samim E . Effect of 23 valent pneumococcal polysaccharide and Haemophilus influenza conjugated vaccines on the clinical course of otitis media with effusion. Laryngoscope. 2002; 112(11):2042-5. DOI: 10.1097/00005537-200211000-00024. View

19.

Takeuchi K, Yagawa M, Ishinaga H, Kishioka C, Harada T, Majima Y . Mucin gene expression in the effusions of otitis media with effusion. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2003; 67(1):53-8. DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5876(02)00361-0. View

20.

Nonaka M, Fukumoto A, Ozu C, Mokuno E, Baba S, Pawankar R . IL-5 and eotaxin levels in middle ear effusion and blood from asthmatics with otitis media with effusion. Acta Otolaryngol. 2003; 123(3):383-7. DOI: 10.1080/0036554021000028117. View