The Stethoscope: Some Preliminary Investigations

Overview

Journal Postgrad Med J

Publisher Oxford University Press

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2004 Jan 7

PMID 14707247

Citations 7

Authors

P D Welsby

G Parry

D Smith

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Textbooks, clinicians, and medical teachers differ as to whether the stethoscope bell or diaphragm should be used for auscultating respiratory sounds at the chest wall. Logic and our results suggest that stethoscope diaphragms are more appropriate.

Citing Articles

A Low-Noise-Level Heart Sound System Based on Novel Thorax-Integration Head Design and Wavelet Denoising Algorithm.

Zhang S, Zhang R, Chang S, Liu C, Sha X Micromachines (Basel). 2019; 10(12).

PMID: 31861068 PMC: 6953004. DOI: 10.3390/mi10120885.

Respiratory sound analysis in the era of evidence-based medicine and the world of medicine 2.0.

Andres E, Gass R, Charloux A, Brandt C, Hentzler A J Med Life. 2018; 11(2):89-106.

PMID: 30140315 PMC: 6101681.

Sound differences between electronic and acoustic stethoscopes.

Nowak L, Nowak K Biomed Eng Online. 2018; 17(1):104.

PMID: 30075781 PMC: 6076413. DOI: 10.1186/s12938-018-0540-2.

Comparison of stethoscope bell and diaphragm, and of stethoscope tube length, for clinical blood pressure measurement.

Liu C, Griffiths C, Murray A, Zheng D Blood Press Monit. 2016; 21(3):178-83.

PMID: 26741415 PMC: 4864738. DOI: 10.1097/MBP.0000000000000175.

Analysis of respiratory sounds: state of the art.

Reichert S, Gass R, Brandt C, Andres E Clin Med Circ Respirat Pulm Med. 2010; 2:45-58.

PMID: 21157521 PMC: 2990233. DOI: 10.4137/ccrpm.s530.

References

Gavriely N, Palti Y, ALROY G . Spectral characteristics of normal breath sounds. J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1981; 50(2):307-14. DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1981.50.2.307. View

FORGACS P . Breath sounds. Thorax. 1978; 33(6):681-3. PMC: 470962. DOI: 10.1136/thx.33.6.681. View

Pasterkamp H, Kraman S, Wodicka G . Respiratory sounds. Advances beyond the stethoscope. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997; 156(3 Pt 1):974-87. DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.156.3.9701115. View

Welsby P, Earis J . Some high pitched thoughts on chest examination. Postgrad Med J. 2001; 77(912):617-20. PMC: 1742158. DOI: 10.1136/pmj.77.912.617. View

Meslier N, CHARBONNEAU G, Racineux J . Wheezes. Eur Respir J. 1995; 8(11):1942-8. DOI: 10.1183/09031936.95.08111942. View