Outcomes of Hemiarthroplasty for Fractures of the Proximal Humerus

We reviewed 80 shoulders (72 shoulders in 71 patients) treated with hemiarthroplasty. At follow-up, 66 patients (93%) were pain-free and satisfied with their results; the mean American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score was 76.6, the mean Simple Shoulder Test score was 7.5, the average forward flexion was 128 degrees, external rotation was 43 degrees, and internal rotation was to L2. Radiographic analyses revealed nearly anatomic tuberosity reconstruction in 58 shoulders, heterotopic ossification in 18, pseudosubluxation in 10, and superior migration in 15. Patients with superior migration had statistically lower mean American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores, mean Simple Shoulder Test scores, and decreased forward flexion. Tuberosity complications occurred in 16 shoulders. Malunion of the greater tuberosity was the most common complication. Healing of the greater tuberosity more than 2 cm below the humeral head correlated with a worse functional result. Hemiarthroplasty for indicated fractures of the proximal humerus results in shoulder-level function and reproducible pain relief.