Intracavitary VEGF, BFGF, IL-8, IL-12 Levels in Primary and Recurrent Malignant Glioma

Intracavitary levels of VEGF, bFGF, IL-8 and IL- 12 were evaluated by ELISA in 45 patients, 7 with recurrent anaplastic astrocytoma (rAA), 12 with glioblastoma (GBM) and 26 with recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM). In 25 patients plasma levels of the molecules were also quantitated. Twenty-three healthy controls were also studied for plasma concentrations of the same molecules. Plasma levels of VEGF (mean 33.89 +/- 6.71 pg/ml) and bFGF (mean 11.1 +/- 3.24 pg/ml) were higher in patients than in controls (mean 16.78 +/- 3.7 pg/ml for VEGF, mean 0.21 +/- 0.09 pg/ml for bFGF) (p = 0.04 and p = 0.001, respectively) while plasma IL-12 levels were lower (mean 45.6 +/- 1.5 pg/ml in patients, mean 79.7 +/- 1.3 pg/ml in controls) (p = 0.009). Intracavitary VEGF levels were 5-53.307 fold higher (mean 90,900 +/- 24,789 pg/ml) than in the corresponding plasma. Also IL-8 concentrations were higher in intracavitary fluid (mean 6,349.76 +/- 1,460.93 pg/ml) than in plasma (mean 43.44 +/- 24.82 pg/ml). Maximum VEGF levels were found in tumor fluid of recurrent glioblastoma patients (mean 147,678 +/- 39.903 pg/ml), intermediate levels in glioblastoma patients (mean 20,322 +/- 11,892 pg/ml) and lower levels in rAA patients (mean 9,111 +/- 5,789 pg/ml). The data also suggest that higher intracavitary levels of VEGF and IL-8, and lower IL-12 levels, may be correlated with shorter adjunctive survival times, but more data will need to be collected to establish this correlation clearly.